Evolution of cooperation and altruistic punishment when retaliation is possible
Evolution of cooperation and altruistic punishment when retaliation is possible
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.06.017
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发表时间：
2008-10-07
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bushman, Clint
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janssen, Marco A.;Bushman, Clint
利他惩罚被认为可以解释观察到的非亲属关系人类之间的高水平合作。然而，实验室实验和人种学证据表明，如果受到惩罚，人们可能会进行报复，这会降低合作程度。基于现有的合作和利他惩罚演变模型，我们探讨了报复选择的后果。我们发现，如果包括报复的选择，合作和利他惩罚不会随着人口规模的扩大而发展。 (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Altruistic punishment is suggested to explain observed high levels of cooperation among non-kin related humans. However, laboratory experiments as well as ethnographic evidence suggest that people might retaliate if being punished, and that this reduces the level of cooperation. Building on existing models on the evolution of cooperation and altruistic punishment, we explore the consequences of the option of retaliation. We find that cooperation and altruistic punishment does not evolve with larger population levels if the option of retaliation is included. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.