Petrogenesis and ore genesis of the Permian Huangshanxi sulfide ore-bearing mafic-ultramafic intrusion in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, western China
Petrogenesis and ore genesis of the Permian Huangshanxi sulfide ore-bearing mafic-ultramafic intrusion in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, western China
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中亚造山带二叠纪黄山西硫化矿镁铁-超镁铁岩体的岩石成因及成矿作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.lithos.2014.04.008
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发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Ripley, Edward M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mao, Ya-Jing;Qin, Ke-Zhang;Li, Chusi;Xue, Sheng-Chao;Ripley, Edward M.
位于中亚造山带南缘的东天山地区，二叠纪黄山西镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体是东天山两大岩浆硫化物矿床之一。本文利用矿物成分和全岩地球化学资料，探讨了岩浆演化与硫化物成矿的成因联系。黄山溪岩体由三个独立的侵入单元组成。重要的硫化物矿化发生在最后一个侵入单元的底部，这是一个由底部的二辉橄榄岩、中部的橄榄石二辉橄榄岩和顶部的二辉橄榄岩组成的细长层状超镁铁质岩体。根据橄榄石-液体平衡和质量平衡，估算出二辉橄榄岩样品母岩浆中MgO和FeO的含量分别为8.71wt%和8.36wt%，分别黄山溪镁铁质-超镁铁质侵入岩和几种橄榄斜方辉石堆晶岩的“捕获液体”都表现出轻稀土元素相对于重稀土元素的富集和Nb相对于Th和La的显著亏损，这与该地区同时代玄武岩的特征相似。弧型地球化学特征是前二叠纪地幔被板状流体交代的结果。部分熔融的前修改地幔被认为是由于加热上涌软流圈与俯冲后岩石圈拆沉或地幔柱活动。研究了黄山溪贫硫化物超镁铁岩（< 1 wt.%）中橄榄石晶体Fo与Ni含量的关系 S）指示橄榄石结晶过程中钴硫化物的偏析。黄山溪存款中大量硫化物矿石中铂族元素（PGE）相对于Ni和Cu的显著亏损可能是由于硫化物保留在源地幔中。橄榄石Fo含量和硫化物PGE含量的地层反转表明，黄山溪岩浆型镍铜硫化物存款矿床在形成过程中经历了多次岩浆热液作用。硫化物成矿作用可分为两个阶段：通道阶段，岩浆上升携带不混溶的硫化物液滴和橄榄石晶体;原位分异阶段，硫化物液滴和橄榄石晶体沉降，在黄山西岩浆系统底部形成硫化物-橄榄石堆晶带。
The Permian Huangshanxi mafic-ultramafic intrusion hosts one of the two largest magmatic sulfide deposits in the Eastern Tianshan which is situated in the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. In this paper we use mineral compositions and whole-rock geochemical data to decipher the genetic relationship between magma evolution and sulfide mineralization. The Huangshanxi intrusion consists of three separate intrusive units. Important sulfide mineralization occurs in the base of the last intrusive unit, an elongated, layered ultramafic body composed of lherzolite at the bottom, olivine websterite in the middle and websterite at the top. Based on olivine-liquid equilibria and mass balance, the MgO and FeO contents in the parental magma for a lherzolite sample are estimated to be 8.71 and 8.36 wt.%, respectively. The Huangshanxi mafic-ultramafic intrusive rocks and the estimated “trapped liquids” for several olivine-orthopyroxene cumulate rocks all show light rare earth element enrichments relative to heavy rare earth elements and significant Nb depletions relative to Th and La, which are similar to the characteristics of coeval basalts in the region. The arc-like geochemical features are attributed to pre-Permian mantle metasomatism by slab-derived fluids. Partial melting of the previously-modified mantle is thought to have resulted from heating by upwelling asthenosphere associated with post-subduction lithosphere delamination or by mantle plume activity. The relationship between the Fo and Ni contents of olivine crystals from the Huangshanxi sulfide-poor ultramafic rocks (< 1 wt.% S) indicates cotectic sulfide segregation during olivine crystallization. Significant depletions in platinum group elements (PGE) relative to Ni and Cu in the bulk sulfide ores of the Huangshanxi deposit are likely due to sulfide retention in the source mantle. Stratigraphic reversals in olivine Fo contents and bulk sulfide PGE tenors suggest that multiple magma replenishments occurred during the development of the Huangshanxi magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposit. The sulfide ore formation can be divided into two stages: a conduit stage during which immiscible sulfide droplets and olivine crystals were brought up by ascending magma and anin-situdifferentiation stage during which the sulfide droplets and olivine crystals settled to form the sulfide-olivine cumulate zones at the base of the Huangshanxi magmatic system.
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