Dynamic Simulation of Land Management Effects on Soil N2O Emissions using a coupled Hydrology-Ecosystem Model
Dynamic Simulation of Land Management Effects on Soil N2O Emissions using a coupled Hydrology-Ecosystem Model
复制标题
使用水文-生态系统耦合模型动态模拟土地管理对土壤 N2O 排放的影响
DOI：
10.11588/emclpp.2013.03.11824
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Breuer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Wlotzka;V. Heuveline;E. Haas;S. Klatt;D. Kraus;K. Butterbach-Bahl;P. Kraft;L. Breuer
农业土壤是大气 N2 O 的主要人为来源。土壤温室气体 (GHG) 排放主要是硝化/反硝化等微生物过程的结果。这些过程强烈依赖于温度、湿度、土壤和植被特性或土地管理等环境因素。因此，排放的发生具有较高的空间和时间变异性，从而产生热点和热点时刻。量化自然、农业和森林生态系统的二氧化碳、氧化亚氮和甲烷等温室气体的源和汇，对于我们了解土地管理对温室气体生物圈-大气交换的影响以及制定缓解方案至关重要。土壤温室气体交换是由复杂的微生物和植物养分周转过程驱动的，是生产、消费和运输中涉及的所有物理化学和生物过程的最终结果。面向过程的生物地球化学模型是有用的工具，可以整合我们对关键过程和驱动因素的知识，以估计土壤中的碳和氮（C 和 N）痕量气体排放。在本研究中，我们将 LandscapeDNDC 生态系统模型与 CMF（流域建模框架）水文模型结合起来，生成一个能够评估景观尺度上 C 和 N 循环及其对作物生长和微生物过程的反馈的建模系统。使用基于并行 MPI 的 OpenPALM 耦合器部署的耦合方法可以模拟养分（硝酸盐）与土壤水通量的横向交换，从而评估景观尺度上的 C 和 N 循环。在这项研究中，我们描述了耦合方法，并展示了虚拟景观上作物生长、养分循环以及由此产生的一氧化二氮排放的模拟结果。
Agricultural soils are the primary anthropogenic source of atmospheric N2 O. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils are mainly the result of microbial processes such as nitrification/denitrification. These processes have a strong dependency on environmental factors like temperature, moisture, soil and vegetation properties or the land management. Therefore emissions occur with a high spatial and temporal variability giving rise to hot spots and hot moments. Quantifying sources and sinks of GHG like CO2, N2O and CH4 for natural, agricultural and forest ecosystems is crucial for our understanding of impacts of land management on the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of GHG and for the development of mitigation options. GHG exchange from soils is driven by complex microbial and plant nutrient turnover processes and it is the net result of all physicochemical and biological processes involved in production, consumption and transport. Process oriented biogeochemical models are useful tools for integrating our knowledge of the key processes and drivers to estimate carbon and nitrogen (C and N) trace gas emissions from soils. In this study we have coupled the LandscapeDNDC ecosystem model to the CMF (Catchment Modelling Framework) hydrology model generating a modelling system capable to asses the C and N cycling and their feedbacks to crop growth and microbial processes on the landscape scale. The deployed coupling approach by the use of the parallel MPI based OpenPALM coupler enables the simulation of lateral exchange of nutrients (nitrate) with the soil water fluxes and therefore to assess the C and N cycling on the landscape scale. In this study we describe the coupling approach and present simulation results of crop growth, nutrient cycling and resulting nitrous oxide emissions on a virtual landscape.