Key soil functional properties affected by soil organic matter - evidence from published literature
Key soil functional properties affected by soil organic matter - evidence from published literature
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受土壤有机质影响的关键土壤功能特性——已发表文献的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Murphy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Murphy
不同数量的土壤有机质对一系列个别土壤性质的影响进行了研究，主要是从澳大利亚的文献检索发表的信息，但也包括来自海外的相关信息。根据已发表的土壤转移函数，土壤有机质每增加1%，植物有效水每10厘米增加2至3毫米，土壤有机碳，最大的增加与桑迪土壤。团聚体稳定性随土壤有机碳含量的增加而增加，当土壤有机碳含量低于1.2%~ 1.55%时，团聚体稳定性迅速下降。土壤有机碳水平的提高有利于改善土壤的紧实度、脆碎度和可蚀性。养分循环是土壤有机质的主要功能。当土壤有机质被矿化时，大量的N、P和S可被植物利用。土壤有机质还为参与N、P、S和K养分循环的微生物提供了食物来源。在粘土含量较低和活性较低的粘土（如高岭石）中，土壤有机质可以提供大量的阳离子交换能力和抗酸化缓冲能力。土壤有机质的阳离子交换容量为172至297 cmol（+）/kg。由于土壤有机质的阳离子交换能力随pH值而变化，土壤有机质在pH值低于5.5时对阳离子交换能力的贡献往往很小。总的来说，土壤有机质有可能影响一系列功能性土壤特性。
The effect of varying the amount of soil organic matter on a range of individual soil properties was investigated using a literature search of published information largely from Australia, but also included relevant information from overseas. Based on published pedotransfer functions, soil organic matter was shown to increase plant available water by 2 to 3 mm per 10 cm for each 1% increase in soil organic carbon, with the largest increases being associated with sandy soils. Aggregate stability increased with increasing soil organic carbon, with aggregate stability decreasing rapidly when soil organic carbon fell below 1.2 to 1.5 5%. Soil compactibility, friability and soil erodibility were favourably improved by increasing the levels of soil organic carbon. Nutrient cycling was a major function of soil organic matter. Substantial amounts of N, P and S become available to plants when the soil organic matter is mineralised. Soil organic matter also provides a food source for the microorganisms involved in the nutrient cycling of N, P, S and K. In soils with lower clay contents, and less active clays such as kaolinites, soil organic matter can supply a significant amount of the cation exchange capacity and buffering capacity against acidification. Soil organic matter can have a cation exchange capacity of 172 to 297 cmol(+)/kg. As the cation exchange capacity of soil organic matter varies with pH, the effectiveness of soil organic matter to contribute to cation exchange capacity below pH 5.5 is often minimal. Overall soil organic matter has the potential to affect a range of functional soil properties.