Phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a transcultural study.
Phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a transcultural study.
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DOI：
10.1016/0010-440x(94)90191-0
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发表时间：
1994-05
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
A. Okasha;A. Saad;A. Khalil;A. S. el Dawla;N. Yehia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Okasha;A. Saad;A. Khalil;A. S. el Dawla;N. Yehia
1991-1992年在开罗精神病学研究所门诊就诊的90例强迫症（OCD）患者，根据国际疾病分类（第10版[ICD-10]）标准进行诊断，采用Yale-Brown强迫量表（Y-BOCS）对强迫症和症状严重程度进行评估。69%的患者为男性，32%为女性。样本的平均年龄为23.7岁，平均持续时间为3.2年。20%的患者有强迫症家族史。40%的患者表现为强迫和强迫的混合，而29%的患者表现为强迫，31%的患者表现为强迫。最常见的强迫行为是宗教和污染强迫（60%）和躯体强迫（49%），最常见的强迫行为是重复仪式（68%），清洁和洗涤强迫（63%）和检查强迫（58%）。71%的患者在Y-BOCS上被评定为严重，所有患者的洞察力都受损; 9%的患者没有洞察力。年龄与强迫总分、Yale博茨总分呈正相关，与强迫总分呈负相关。三分之一的患者患有抑郁症。关于病前人格障碍，14%有强迫性人格障碍，34%有偏执、焦虑或情绪不稳定的人格障碍，52%没有病前人格障碍。宗教教养的作用在埃及强迫症的现象学中很明显，这与耶路撒冷的研究结果相似，与印度和英国的结果不同。心理社会文化因素是如此之多，它们可以影响强迫症的发病，现象和结果，甚至对治疗的反应。
Ninety patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and diagnosed according to International Classification of Diseases (10th edition [ICD-10]) criteria attending the outpatient clinic of the Institute of Psychiatry in Cairo in 1991–1992 were assessed by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) for symptomatology and severity of symptoms. Sixty-nine percent of the patients were males, and 32% were females. The mean age of the sample was 23.7 years, with a mean duration of OCD of 3.2 years. Twenty percent of patients had a positive family history for OCD. Forty percent of patients presented with a mixture of obsessions and compulsions, whereas 29% presented with obsessions and 31% with compulsions. The most commonly occurring obsessions were religious and contamination obsessions (60%) and somatic obsessions (49%), and the most commonly occurring compulsions were repeating rituals (68%), cleaning and washing compulsions (63%), and checking compulsions (58%). Seventy-one percent of patients were rated severe on the Y-BOCS, and all of them had impaired insight; 9% were insightless. The age of patients was found to correlate positively with the total compulsive score and the total Yale BOCS score, but it correlated negatively with the total obsessive score. One third of patients had a comorbid depressive disorder. Regarding premorbid personality disorders, 14% had obsessive personality disorder, 34% had paranoid, anxious, or emotionally labile personality disorder, and 52% had no premorbid personality disorder. The role of religious upbringing has been evident in the phenomenology of OCD in Egypt, which is similar to the outcomes of studies in Jerusalem and different from results in India and Britain. The psychosociocultural factors are so varied that they can affect the onset, phenomenology, and outcome of OCD and even the response to treatment.