Metabarcoding of marine zooplankton: prospects, progress and pitfalls
Metabarcoding of marine zooplankton: prospects, progress and pitfalls
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DOI：
10.1093/plankt/fbw023
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Lehtiniemi, Maiju
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bucklin, Ann;Lindeque, Penelope K.;Lehtiniemi, Maiju
Metabarcoding（通过分析一个或几个正交DNA区域（称为条形码）对复杂样品进行大规模分类鉴定）正在彻底改变海洋浮游动物组合的生物多样性分析。Metabarcoding依赖于高通量DNA测序（HTS）技术，该技术并行产生数百万个DNA序列，并允许对环境样本进行大规模分析。海洋浮游动物的Metabarcoding研究已经使用了核小（18S）和大亚基（28S）rRNA的各个区域，这使得新序列的准确分类和可靠的扩增与共识引物，但由于其相对保守的性质，可能会低估在一个社区的物种多样性。为了区分物种，需要更多的可变基因。有限数量的元条形码研究使用了线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I（COI），这确保了物种水平的多样性检测，但可能需要组特异性引物，从而导致不一致的扩增成功率。参考数据库与序列的准确识别的物种是迫切需要允许分子操作分类单位（MOTU）的分类指定和比较与以前的研究浮游动物多样性。元条形码的潜在和有希望的应用包括快速检测气候变化的影响、监测和评估生态系统健康、计算生物指数、确定食物网的特征以及检测引进的非本地物种。
Metabarcoding (large-scale taxonomic identification of complex samples via analysis of one or few orthologous DNA regions, called barcodes) is revolutionizing analysis of biodiversity of marine zooplankton assemblages. Metabarcoding relies on high-throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) technologies, which yield millions of DNA sequences in parallel and allow large-scale analysis of environmental samples. Metabarcoding studies of marine zooplankton have used various regions of nuclear small- (18S) and large-subunit (28S) rRNA, which allow accurate classification of novel sequences and reliable amplification with consensus primers, but-due to their relatively conserved nature-may underestimate species diversity in a community. To discriminate species, more variable genes are needed. A limited number of metabarcoding studies have used mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), which ensures detection of species-level diversity, but may require group-specific primers and thus result in inconsistent amplification success rates. Reference databases with sequences for accurately-identified species are critically needed to allow taxonomic designation of molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU) and comparison with previous studies of zooplankton diversity. Potential and promising applications of metabarcoding include rapid detection of impacts of climate change, monitoring and assessment of ecosystem health, calculation of biotic indices, characterization of food webs and detection of introduced, non-indigenous species.