More Peak, Less Differentiation: Towards A Pricing-aware Online Control Framework for Inter-Datacenter Transfers
More Peak, Less Differentiation: Towards A Pricing-aware Online Control Framework for Inter-Datacenter Transfers
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DOI：
10.1109/icdcs.2017.69
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wenxin Li;Xiaobo Zhou;Keqiu Li;Heng Qi;Deke Guo
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文献类型：
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作者：
Wenxin Li;Xiaobo Zhou;Keqiu Li;Heng Qi;Deke Guo
地理分布的数据中心（DC）的新兴部署引起了大量的数据传输通过互联网。这种传输通常由互联网服务提供商（ISP）以广泛采用的第q百分位收费模式收费。在这种计费模型中，具有前100-q %的数据传输的时隙不影响总传输成本，并且可以被视为免费。这带来了优化DC间传输的调度以最小化整个传输成本的机会。然而，很少有工作被用来利用这些空闲时隙来调度DC间传输。关键是，现有的工作要么缺乏一种机制来积累流量的空闲时隙，或不可避免地依赖于交通到达模式的先验知识。在本文中，我们试图利用这些空闲时隙，利用不同的时间敏感性之间的DC传输，以减少甚至最小化的传输成本。具体而言，我们主张应遵循一个简单的原则：更多的流量高峰应安排在空闲时隙，而较少的流量分化应保持在其余的时隙。为此，我们利用李雅普诺夫优化技术设计一个价格感知控制框架。该框架有效地为DC间传输做出在线决策，而不需要对流量到达的先验知识。为了验证我们提出的框架，我们进行小规模的测试平台的实现。结果表明，我们的框架可以切实降低传输成本高达19.38%。
The emerging deployment of geographically distributed data centers (DCs) incurs a significant amount of data transfers over the Internet. Such transfers are typically charged by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) with the widely adopted q-th percentile charging model. In such charging model, the time slots with top 100-q percent of data transmission do not affect the total transmission cost, and can be viewed as free. This brings the opportunity to optimize the scheduling of inter-DC transfers to minimize the entire transmission cost. However, very little work has been done to exploit those free time slots for scheduling inter-DC transfers. The crux is that existing work either lacks a mechanism to accumulate traffic to free time slots, or inevitably relies on prior knowledge of traffic arrival patterns. In this paper, we attempt to exploit those free time slots by leveraging diverse time-sensitivities among inter-DC transfers, so as to reduce or even minimize the transmission cost. Specifically, we advocate that a simple principle should be followed: more traffic peaks should be scheduled in free time slots, while less traffic differentiation should be maintained among the remaining time slots. To this end, we take advantage of the Lyapunov optimization techniques to design a pricing-aware control framework. This framework efficiently makes online decisions for inter-DC transfers without requiring a prior knowledge of traffic arrivals. To verify our proposed framework, we conduct small-scale testbed implementation. The results show that our framework can realistically reduce the transmission cost by up to 19.38%.