SPIRIT POSSESSION REVISITED: Beyond Instrumentality
SPIRIT POSSESSION REVISITED: Beyond Instrumentality
复制标题
重新审视精神占有：超越工具性
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.an.23.100194.002203
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Janice Boddy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janice Boddy
精神附体通常是指比人类更强大的外部力量或实体对人类施加的控制。这些力量可能是祖先或神灵、外来鬼魂，或者是本体论和种族上的异类实体。一些社会表现出多种精神形式。根据文化和病因学背景，这些灵魂可能会被驱除，或者与宿主（或媒介）保持相对永久的关系，偶尔会在附身恍惚期间篡夺宿主体内的首要地位（甚至穿上自己的衣服，说自己的语言）。因此，占有是一个广义的术语，指的是在一个宇宙中，精神与物质、力量或权力与物质现实的整合，在这个宇宙中，个人与其环境之间的界限被认为是可渗透的、灵活划定的，或者至少是可协商的。最近的研究（例如39、114、173、210）表明，精神占有所依赖的认知前提与全球唯物主义及其伴随的学术传统的无限区分、合理化和具体化的推力截然不同。因为它显得戏剧性的、顽固的异国情调，对于那些受过如此教育的人来说是不可识别的（但见 1, 34, 79, 103, 104；另见 147: 132），占有继续吸引着人类学的目光，尽管人们英勇地试图驯服它，使其无害或被理解。与人类学对身体（145）或时间（162）的描述相反，精神拥有——
Spirit possession commonly refers to the hold exerted over a human being by external forces or entities more powerful than she. These forces may be ances tors or divinities, ghosts of foreign origin, or entities both ontologically and ethnically alien. Some societies evince multiple spirit forms. Depending on cultural and etiological context such spirits may be exorcised, or lodged in relatively permanent relationship with their host (or medium), occasionally usurping primacy of place in her body (even donning their own clothes and speaking their own languages) during bouts of possession trance. Possession, then, is a broad term referring to an integration of spirit and matter, force or power and corporeal reality, in a cosmos where the boundaries between an individual and her environment are acknowledged to be permeable, flexibly drawn, or at least negotiable. Recent studies (e.g. 39, 114, 173, 210) suggest that spirit possession rests on epistemic premises quite different from the infinitely differentiating, rationalizing, and reifying thrust of global material ism and its attendant scholarly traditions. Because it appears dramatically and intransigently exotic, unrecognizable to those so schooled (but see 1, 34, 79, 103, 104; also 147: 132), possession continues to hold the anthropological gaze despite heroic attempts to tame it, render it harmless or understood. In contrast to anthropological accounts of the body (145) or of time (162), spirit posses-
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Advanced Social Research 2
影响因子：
--
作者：
古川 彰;古川 彰;古川 彰;Furukawa Akira;Furukawa Akira;Furukawa Akira
通讯作者：
Furukawa Akira