Audiovisual investigation of the loudness-effort effect for speech and nonspeech events.
Audiovisual investigation of the loudness-effort effect for speech and nonspeech events.
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对语音和非语音事件的响度-力度效应的视听研究。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.17.4.976
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fowler,CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosenblum,LD;Fowler,CA
有一些证据表明，语音的响度判断更密切相关的程度，在语音生产中引起的发声努力比语音信号的表面声学特性，如强度。其他研究人员声称，语音响度可以通过考虑信号的声学复杂性来合理化。由于声音的努力可以指定的光学和声学，一项研究，以测试的努力，响度假说进行了使用冲突的视听呈现的扬声器，产生辅音-元音音节与不同的努力。有人预测，如果响度的判断是由努力知觉，而不是由简单的声学参数的约束，那么判断应该受到视觉以及听觉信息。结果表明，响度的判断显着影响视觉信息，即使受试者被指示，他们的判断只根据他们听到的。一个类似的（虽然不太明显）图案的结果显示为一个nonspeech“鼓掌”事件，这证明了一般性的努力，以前被认为是特殊的讲话效果。结果进行了讨论，在听觉，模糊逻辑，电机和生态理论的语音感知。
There is some evidence that loudness judgments of speech are more closely related to the degree of vocal effort induced in speech production than to the speech signal's surface-acoustic properties such as intensity. Other researchers have claimed that speech loudness can be rationalized simply by considering the acoustic complexity of the signal. Because vocal effort can be specified optically as well as acoustically, a study to test the effort–loudness hypothesis was conducted that used conflicting audiovisual presentations of a speaker that produced consonant–vowel syllables with different efforts. It was predicted that if loudness judgments are constrained by effort perception rather than by simple acoustic parameters, then judgments ought to be affected by visual as well as auditory information. It is shown that loudness judgments are affected significantly by visual information even when subjects are instructed to base their judgments only on what they hear. A similar (though less pronounced) patterning of results is shown for a nonspeech “clapping” event, which attests to the generality of the loudness–effort effect previously thought to be special to speech. Results are discussed in terms of auditory, fuzzy logical, motor, and ecological theories of speech perception.