Merino and Merino-derived sheep breeds: a genome-wide intercontinental study.
Merino and Merino-derived sheep breeds: a genome-wide intercontinental study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12711-015-0139-z
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发表时间：
2015-08-14
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
International Sheep Genomics Consortium
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ciani E;Lasagna E;D'Andrea M;Alloggio I;Marroni F;Ceccobelli S;Delgado Bermejo JV;Sarti FM;Kijas J;Lenstra JA;Pilla F;International Sheep Genomics Consortium
美利奴羊和美利奴衍生羊品种已经广泛分布在世界各地，无论是纯种还是杂交种群。它们代表了一种经济上和历史上重要的遗传资源，长期以来一直被用作培育新品种的基础。为了研究美利奴羊在全球绵羊品种收集中的遗传影响，我们分析了使用OvineSNP50 BeadChip （Illumina）获得的来自37个种群的671个个体的基因型数据，包括来自绵羊HapMap数据集的一个品种子集。基于多维尺度分析，我们突出了该数据集中的四个主要聚类，分别对应于野生羊、摩弗隆羊、原始北欧品种和现代羊（包括美利奴羊）。邻居网络分析进一步区分了北欧和地中海家养品种，包括美利奴和美利奴衍生品种、其他西班牙品种和其他意大利品种。基于模型的聚类分析、迁移分析和单倍型共享表明，在古代种群之间发生了遗传交换，并且最近美利奴介导的基因流动发生在世界各地的几个美利奴衍生种群中。西班牙美利奴和其他西班牙品种之间的密切关系与美利奴品种的伊比利亚起源是一致的，可能早期来自其他地中海种群的贡献。来自澳大利亚、新西兰和中国的美利奴人显然与他们的欧洲祖先分开了。我们在西班牙美利奴羊种群中观察到遗传亚结构，这反映了最近的牧群管理实践。我们的数据表明，密集的基因流动、创始人效应和地理隔离是决定当前美利奴和美利奴衍生品种基因组成的主要因素。为了解释现在的美利奴和美利奴衍生品种是如何获得的，我们提出了一个场景，其中包括几个连续的绵羊种群迁移，这可能作为后续研究的工作假设。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1186/s12711-015-0139-z）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Merino and Merino-derived sheep breeds have been widely distributed across the world, both as purebred and admixed populations. They represent an economically and historically important genetic resource which over time has been used as the basis for the development of new breeds. In order to examine the genetic influence of Merino in the context of a global collection of domestic sheep breeds, we analyzed genotype data that were obtained with the OvineSNP50 BeadChip (Illumina) for 671 individuals from 37 populations, including a subset of breeds from the Sheep HapMap dataset. Based on a multi-dimensional scaling analysis, we highlighted four main clusters in this dataset, which corresponded to wild sheep, mouflon, primitive North European breeds and modern sheep (including Merino), respectively. The neighbor-network analysis further differentiated North-European and Mediterranean domestic breeds, with subclusters of Merino and Merino-derived breeds, other Spanish breeds and other Italian breeds. Model-based clustering, migration analysis and haplotype sharing indicated that genetic exchange occurred between archaic populations and also that a more recent Merino-mediated gene flow to several Merino-derived populations around the world took place. The close relationship between Spanish Merino and other Spanish breeds was consistent with an Iberian origin for the Merino breed, with possible earlier contributions from other Mediterranean stocks. The Merino populations from Australia, New Zealand and China were clearly separated from their European ancestors. We observed a genetic substructuring in the Spanish Merino population, which reflects recent herd management practices. Our data suggest that intensive gene flow, founder effects and geographic isolation are the main factors that determined the genetic makeup of current Merino and Merino-derived breeds. To explain how the current Merino and Merino-derived breeds were obtained, we propose a scenario that includes several consecutive migrations of sheep populations that may serve as working hypotheses for subsequent studies. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12711-015-0139-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.