A Cough Aerosol Simulator for the Study of Disease Transmission by Human Cough-Generated Aerosols
A Cough Aerosol Simulator for the Study of Disease Transmission by Human Cough-Generated Aerosols
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DOI：
10.1080/02786826.2013.803019
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Beezhold, Donald H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lindsley, William G.;Reynolds, Jeffrey S.;Beezhold, Donald H.
人类咳嗽时排出的气溶胶颗粒是传染病传播的潜在途径。然而，空气传播对许多疾病的重要性尚不清楚。为了更好地了解咳嗽气溶胶颗粒在疾病传播中的作用以及不同类型保护措施的有效性，我们构建了一个咳嗽气溶胶模拟器，该模拟器在受控环境中产生类似人类的咳嗽。模拟咳嗽的体积为4.2 l，并且基于流感患者记录的咳嗽。在一种配置中，模拟器产生含有直径为0.1至100 μ m的颗粒的咳嗽气雾剂，其中体积中值直径（VMD）为8.5 μ m，几何标准偏差（GSD）为2.9。在第二配置中，咳嗽气雾剂具有0.1- 30 μ m的尺寸范围、3.4 μ m的VMD和2.3的GSD。每次咳嗽期间排出的总气雾剂体积为68 l。通过生成受控和可再现的人工咳嗽，模拟器允许我们测试不同的通风，消毒和个人防护方案。该系统可与活病原体（包括流感病毒）一起使用，从而可以测试医疗保健领域中使用的隔离预防措施，而不会对工作人员或患者造成暴露风险。从模拟器测试中获得的信息将有助于更好地了解传染病的传播，开发改进的感染控制技术，并提高医护人员和患者的安全性。版权所有2013美国气溶胶研究协会
Aerosol particles expelled during human coughs are a potential pathway for infectious disease transmission. However, the importance of airborne transmission is unclear for many diseases. To better understand the role of cough aerosol particles in the spread of disease and the efficacy of different types of protective measures, we constructed a cough aerosol simulator that produces a human-like cough in a controlled environment. The simulated cough has a 4.2 l volume and is based on coughs recorded from influenza patients. In one configuration, the simulator produces a cough aerosol containing particles from 0.1 to 100m in diameter with a volume median diameter (VMD) of 8.5m and a geometric standard deviation (GSD) of 2.9. In a second configuration, the cough aerosol has a size range of 0.1-30m, a VMD of 3.4m, and a GSD of 2.3. The total aerosol volume expelled during each cough is 68l. By generating a controlled and reproducible artificial cough, the simulator allows us to test different ventilation, disinfection, and personal protection scenarios. The system can be used with live pathogens, including influenza virus, which allows isolation precautions used in the healthcare field to be tested without risk of exposure for workers or patients. The information gained from tests with the simulator will help to better understand the transmission of infectious diseases, develop improved techniques for infection control, and improve safety for healthcare workers and patients. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research