YOUNG CHILDRENS REASONING ABOUT BELIEFS
YOUNG CHILDRENS REASONING ABOUT BELIEFS
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DOI：
10.1016/0010-0277(88)90021-2
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发表时间：
1988-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
BARTSCH, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WELLMAN, HM;BARTSCH, K
我们提出了三个调查儿童的早期理解的信念，即他们的知识，如思考，知道，猜测等内部心理态度。研究结果表明，即使是很小的孩子，3岁的孩子，理解信念作为内部心理状态独立于欲望，但加入了欲望在一个更大的信念-欲望推理方案。这样的幼儿可以适当地预测给定的关于角色的信念和愿望的信息的行为，理解关于信念的信息是关于解释或预测行为的愿望的信息的必要补充，可以适当地推断给定的关于角色看到或没有看到相关情景的信息的信念的存在或不存在，并且能够预测对由信念-欲望引起的行为的结果的适当的情绪反应。结果是位于一个更大的描述幼儿的唯心主义天真的心理。
We present three investigations of children''s early understanding of belief, that is, their knowledge of such internal mental attitudes as thinking, knowing, and guessing. The findings demonstrate that even quite young children, 3-year-olds, understand beliefs as internal mental states separate from desires but joined with desires in a larger belief-desire reasoning scheme. Such young children can appropriately predict actions given information as to a character''s beliefs and desires, understand that information about beliefs is a necessary addition to information about desires to explain or predict actions, can appropriately infer the presence or absence of belief given information as to a character''s seeing or not seeing a relevant stiuation, and can predict the appropriate emotional reaction to the outcomes of belief-desire caused actions. The results are situated in a larger description of young children''s mentalistic naive psychology.