How changing root system architecture can help tackle a reduction in soil phosphate (P) levels for better plant P acquisition
How changing root system architecture can help tackle a reduction in soil phosphate (P) levels for better plant P acquisition
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DOI：
10.1111/pce.12376
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Roose, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heppell, J.;Talboys, P.;Roose, T.
全球可利用的磷矿储量可能在未来50-130年内耗尽，导致土壤磷浓度降低，影响植物对磷的吸收。利用数学模型和实验数据的结合，我们研究了在土壤磷含量降低的环境中，优化作物磷吸收的潜在植物选择。通过改变混合良好的农业土壤中的磷浓度，在高磷和低磷(分别为35.5-12.5mg / l（-1，使用奥尔森磷指数）下，我们研究了小麦根系中最大磷吸收的分支分布。当根质量保持不变时，将低磷土壤的根分支分布从线性（均匀分布的分支）改变为强指数（土壤顶部有更多的分支），可使磷吸收率提高142%。这使得根系提早长出，并模仿表层土壤觅食。控制根系分支模式以最大限度地吸收磷，本身不足以克服土壤磷从高磷到低磷的下降，必须考虑进一步的机制，以充分了解磷减少对植物发育的影响。南安普顿大学和班戈大学的合作研究了根系结构的改变如何（通过育种或遗传操作）产生更多的P吸收。测量小麦根系的实验结果，从长度和宽度，包括根毛和磷酸盐吸收剖面。这些数据与一个数学模型结合使用，可以模拟新的根系及其对磷吸收的影响。由于全球可利用的磷矿储量在未来50-130年内将耗尽，这项工作对于评估作物如何应对磷浓度降低的土壤具有重要意义。如果这篇论文发表在《植物，细胞与环境》杂志上，我们将很高兴，以进一步提高人们对P短缺的认识，并为其不可避免的到来提供潜在的解决方案。
The readily available global rock phosphate (P) reserves may run out within the next 50-130 years, causing soils to have a reduced P concentration which will affect plant P uptake. Using a combination of mathematical modelling and experimental data, we investigated potential plant-based options for optimizing crop P uptake in reduced soil P environments. By varying the P concentration within a well-mixed agricultural soil, for high and low P (35.5-12.5mgL(-1) respectively using Olsen's P index), we investigated branching distributions within a wheat root system that maximize P uptake. Changing the root branching distribution from linear (evenly spaced branches) to strongly exponential (a greater number of branches at the top of the soil) improves P uptake by 142% for low-P soils when root mass is kept constant between simulations. This causes the roots to emerge earlier and mimics topsoil foraging. Manipulating root branching patterns, to maximize P uptake, is not enough on its own to overcome the drop in soil P from high to low P. Further mechanisms have to be considered to fully understand the impact of P reduction on plant development.A collaboration between Southampton and Bangor University address how the alteration of root system architecture could (by breeding or genetic manipulation) produce greater P uptake. Experimental results of wheat roots are measured, from lengths and widths, including root hairs and a phosphate uptake profile. The data is used in conjunction with a mathematical model, which can simulate new root systems and the effects they have on P uptake. Due to the readily available global rock phosphate (P) reserves running out within the next 50-130 years, this work is of importance in assessing how crops will cope in soils with a reduced P concentration. We would be delighted if this paper was published in Plant, Cell & Environment, to further advance the P shortage awareness and potential solutions for its inevitable arrival.