Accelerated rates of climatic-niche evolution underlie rapid species diversification
Accelerated rates of climatic-niche evolution underlie rapid species diversification
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01530.x
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Wiens, John J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kozak, Kenneth H.;Wiens, John J.
生态学的一个主要目标是解释地区之间和进化枝之间物种丰富度的差异。进化枝的多样化率是理解这两种模式的关键参数。在这里，我们结合了 250 个无齿蝾螈物种的系统发育和气候数据，首次表明物种的快速多样化与物种间加速的气候生态位进化有关。这两种比率在热带地区特别快，而且这些地区很少有地理上重叠的分支。这些结果为为什么热带地区的多样化率通常较高提供了令人惊讶的生态学解释：气候状况之间的快速变化，而不是特定的环境条件（例如高生产力、能源）推动了更高的多样性。他们还表明，在气候特别稳定的地区，气候生态位的演变可能特别快。最后，这些结果表明，气候生态位的进化保守性可能受到物种和进化枝之间相互作用的影响，而不仅仅是生理耐受性的影响。
P>A major goal of ecology is to explain differences in species richness between regions and among clades. The diversification rate of clades is a key parameter for understanding both patterns. Here, we combine phylogenetic and climatic data for 250 species of plethodontid salamanders and show for the first time that rapid species diversification is associated with accelerated climatic-niche evolution among species. Both rates are particularly rapid in tropical regions, and where few clades geographically overlap. These results offer a surprising ecological explanation for why diversification rates are often higher in the tropics: rapid shifts between climatic regimes, rather than specific environmental conditions (e.g. high productivity, energy) drive higher diversity. They also suggest that climatic-niche evolution may be particularly rapid in regions where climate is particularly stable. Finally, these results indicate that evolutionary conservatism in climatic niches may be influenced by interactions between species and clades, rather than physiological tolerances alone.