On the sequence heterochrony of cranial ossification of bats in light of Haeckel's recapitulation theory.
On the sequence heterochrony of cranial ossification of bats in light of Haeckel's recapitulation theory.
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DOI：
10.1002/jez.b.23042
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Taro Nojiri;V. Tu;J. Sohn;D. Koyabu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Taro Nojiri;V. Tu;J. Sohn;D. Koyabu
海克尔的重演理论一直是进化生物学中一个有争议的话题。然而，我们最近看到一些案例应用海克尔的观点来解释产前个体发育的种间变异。为了重新审视海克尔重演理论的有效性，我们以经历了剧烈形态变化并具有特征生态的蝙蝠作为案例研究。犀嘴总科和杨翅目的所有成员都可以从喉部产生超声波脉冲来解释周围的物体（喉部回声定位），而翼足科则缺乏这种能力。众所周知，岩骨的形状特别是在喉部回声定位器中衍生和扩展的。如果海克尔的生命再现理论成立，那么这种派生特征的形成应该比其他骨骼的形成晚。因此，我们比较了 15 种蝙蝠和 5 种外群物种的岩骨产前骨化时间。我们发现，在喉部回声定位器中，岩骨的骨化加速，而在非喉部回声定位蝙蝠和非飞行哺乳动物中，岩骨是最后骨化的，这与海克尔的生命再现理论的预测背道而驰。我们指出了性状发展时间的进化不稳定本质，并强调海克尔的重演理论在许多情况下并不成立。我们警告说，根据海克尔的重演理论对祖先条件和进化历史进行预测并没有得到很好的支持。
Haeckel's recapitulation theory has been a controversial topic in evolutionary biology. However, we have seen some recent cases applying Haeckel's view to interpret the interspecific variation of prenatal ontogeny. To revisit the validity of Haeckel's recapitulation theory, we take bats that have undergone drastic morphological changes and possess a characteristic ecology as a case study. All members of Rhinolophoidea and Yangochiroptera can generate an ultrasonic pulse from the larynx to interpret surrounding objects (laryngeal echolocation) whereas Pteropodidae lacks such ability. It is known that the petrosal bone is particularly derived in shape and expanded in laryngeal echolocators. If Haeckel's recapitulation theory holds, the formation of this derived trait should occur later than those of other bones. Therefore, we compared the prenatal ossification timing of the petrosal in 15 bat species and five outgroup species. We found that the ossification of the petrosal is accelerated in laryngeal echolocators while it is the last bone to ossify in non-laryngeal echolocating bats and non-volant mammals, which runs counter to the prediction generated by Haeckel's recapitulation theory. We point out the evolutionarily labile nature of trait developmental timing and emphasize that Haeckel's recapitulation theory does not hold in many cases. We caution that generating predictions on ancestral conditions and evolutionary history leading from Haeckel's recapitulation theory is not well supported.