SOME FURTHER EXPERIMENTS UPON THE RECOGNITION OF SPEECH, WITH ONE AND WITH 2 EARS
SOME FURTHER EXPERIMENTS UPON THE RECOGNITION OF SPEECH, WITH ONE AND WITH 2 EARS
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1907373
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发表时间：
1954-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
TAYLOR, WK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHERRY, EC;TAYLOR, WK
人类拥有通常只能感知 1 个声音世界的能力，尽管他有 2 个耳朵。如果人为地用不同的信号刺激耳朵，他就可以注意其中的一个或另一个。对该教师进行了连续演讲（轻小说阅读）的实验，并对结果进行了统计评估。第一个测试的目的是测量将注意力从一只耳朵转移到另一只耳朵所需的反应时间，通过对消息文字的感知来评估。每只耳朵交替接收声音和静默，开关比例为 50%。所有受试者在 0.2-0.3 秒的切换周期内都表现出识别能力急剧下降。在较低的切换率下，受试者的注意力会同步地从一只耳朵转移到另一只耳朵；在较高的切换速率下，他用双耳聆听似乎被方波打断的语音。第二组测试表明，当耳朵受到类似信息的刺激但其之间的延迟超过现实生活中双耳指向性的 20 倍时，人们只会将一个说话者视为“格式塔”。
Man possesses the faculty of normally perceiving only 1 acoustic world, even though he has 2 ears. If the ears be stimulated by different signals artifically, he can attend to one or the other of them. Experiments on this faculty were made with continuous speech (readings from light fiction), and the results assessed statistically. The 1st tests were aimed at measuring the reaction time required to switch the attention from one ear to the other, as assessed by perception of the words of the message. Each ear received sound and silence alternately, with 50% on-off ratio. All subjects showed a sharp drop in recognition at a switching cycle of 0.2-0.3 second. At lower switching rates, the subject shifts his attention from ear to ear synchronously; at higher switching ratas, he listens with both ears to what seems to be speech interrupted by a square wave. A second set of tests showed that one perceives only one speaker as a "Gestalt" when the ears are stimulated by similar messages but with a delay between them exceeding 20 times that experienced in real life by virtue of binaural directivity.