Accretion History of AGNs. II. Constraints on AGN Spectral Parameters Using the Cosmic X-Ray Background

Accretion History of AGNs. II. Constraints on AGN Spectral Parameters Using the Cosmic X-Ray Background
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DOI:
10.3847/1538-4357/ab5aef
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发表时间:
2019-11
期刊:
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
T. Ananna;E. Treister;C. M. Urry;C. Ricci;R. Hickox;N. Padmanabhan;S. Marchesi;A. Kirkpatrick
T. Ananna;E. Treister;C. M. Urry;C. Ricci;R. Hickox;N. Padmanabhan;S. Marchesi;A. Kirkpatrick
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
T. Ananna;E. Treister;C. M. Urry;C. Ricci;R. Hickox;N. Padmanabhan;S. Marchesi;A. Kirkpatrick

文献摘要

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我们根据宇宙 X 射线背景 (CXB) 的形状来约束活动星系核 (AGN) 整体的 X 射线光谱形状。具体来说,我们排除了在 1-100 keV 能量范围内不能重现 CXB 的 X 射线光谱参数空间区域。关键的 X 射线光谱参数是光子指数 Γ;截止能量,Ecutoff;假设每个参数遵循高斯分布,我们首先使用贝叶斯方法和固定的 X 射线光度函数 (XLF) 探索参数空间。对于 σE = 36 keV 和 σR = 0.14,固定为 Swift-BAT 70 个月样本的观察值,我们允许 和 随 CXB 再现而变化。我们报告 σΓ = 0.1–0.5 的结果。在另一种方法中,我们定义参数分布,然后通过使用神经网络扰动 XLF 来正向模型来拟合 CXB。这种方法使我们能够排除无法为任何 XLF 重现 CXB 的参数组合。四个自由参数的边缘化条件概率为: 和 。我们提供了一个交互式在线工具,供用户探索 、 σE、 、 σΓ、 和 σR 的任意组合,包括每个吸收箱的不同分布,并受积分 CXB 约束。我们的分析可以排除许多 AGN 样本中观察到的分布,这意味着这些样本不能代表整个 AGN 群体。落在可接受的参数空间内的少数样本是经过硬 X 射线选择的,与其具有较少的选择偏差相称。
We constrain X-ray spectral shapes for the ensemble of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) based on the shape of the cosmic X-ray background (CXB). Specifically, we rule out regions of X-ray spectral parameter space that do not reproduce the CXB in the energy range 1–100 keV. The key X-ray spectral parameters are the photon index, Γ; the cutoff energy, Ecutoff; and the reflection scaling factor, R. Assuming each parameter follows a Gaussian distribution, we first explore the parameter space using a Bayesian approach and a fixed X-ray luminosity function (XLF). For σE = 36 keV and σR = 0.14, fixed at the observed values from the Swift-BAT 70-month sample, we allow and to vary subject to reproducing the CXB. We report results for σΓ = 0.1–0.5. In an alternative approach, we define the parameter distributions, then forward model to fit the CXB by perturbing the XLF using a neural network. This approach allows us to rule out parameter combinations that cannot reproduce the CXB for any XLF. The marginalized conditional probabilities for the four free parameters are: and . We provide an interactive online tool for users to explore any combination of , σE, , σΓ, , and σR, including different distributions for each absorption bin, subject to the integral CXB constraint. The distributions observed in many AGN samples can be ruled out by our analysis, meaning these samples cannot be representative of the full AGN population. The few samples that fall within the acceptable parameter space are hard-X-ray-selected, commensurate with their having fewer selection biases.