Human cerebellar activity reflecting an acquired internal model of a new tool
Human cerebellar activity reflecting an acquired internal model of a new tool
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DOI：
10.1038/35003194
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发表时间：
2000-01-13
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Kawato, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imamizu, H;Miyauchi, S;Kawato, M
运动控制理论假设大脑使用身体的内部模型来准确控制运动。内部模型是神经表示，例如，鉴于其当前位置和速度（1-6），手臂将如何对神经命令做出反应（1-6），先前的研究表明，小脑皮层可以通过运动学习获得内部模型（7-- 11）。由于人的小脑参与较高的认知功能（12-15）以及运动控制，因此我们提出了一种连贯的计算理论，在该理论中，小脑的系统发育更新部分类似地获得了外部世界中对象的内部模型。如我们的理论所预测的那样，尽管人类受试者学会了使用新工具（具有新型旋转转化的计算机小鼠），但通过功能磁共振成像来测量小脑活性，但观察到了两种类型的活性。一个分布在小脑的广泛区域，与指导学习过程中内部模型的获取的误差信号完全成正比。另一个被限制在上裂裂面附近的区域，即使在学习后，误差级别均等，因此可能会反映新工具的获得的内部模型。
Theories of motor control postulate that the brain uses internal models of the body to control movements accurately. Internal models are neural representations of how, for instance, the arm would respond to a neural command, given its current position and velocity(1-6), Previous studies have shown that the cerebellar cortex can acquire internal models through motor learning(7-11). Because the human cerebellum is involved in higher cognitive function(12-15) as well as in motor control, we propose a coherent computational theory in which the phylogenetically newer part of the cerebellum similarly acquires internal models of objects in the external world. While human subjects learned to use a new tool (a computer mouse with a novel rotational transformation), cerebellar activity was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging, As predicted by our theory, two types of activity were observed. One was spread over wide areas of the cerebellum and was precisely proportional to the error signal that guides the acquisition of internal models during learning. The other was confined to the area near the posterior superior fissure and remained even after learning, when the error levels had been equalized, thus probably reflecting an acquired internal model of the new tool.