The widening gender gap in marijuana use prevalence in the US during a period of economic change, 2002-2014
The widening gender gap in marijuana use prevalence in the US during a period of economic change, 2002-2014
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.042
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hasin, Deborah S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carliner, Hannah;Mauro, Pia M.;Hasin, Deborah S.
目的：与此同时，对大麻使用及其合法化的态度越来越宽容，大麻使用的流行近年来在美国有所增加。然而，关于大麻使用的时间趋势是否因性别而异，或者大衰退背景下的社会经济地位是否会影响这些变化，缺乏信息。使用全国药物使用和健康调查的重复横断面数据（2002-2014），我们研究了过去一年大麻使用率随时间的变化，以及性别差异是否因收入水平而异。在2007年经验性地确定了一个使用的变化点后，我们使用逻辑回归来测试包括时间、性别和收入水平在内的交互项。结果：从2002年到2014年，男性（+4.0%）和女性（+2.7%）使用大麻的患病率都有所增加，所有的增加都发生在2007年到2014年。男性的增幅更大，导致性别差距随着时间的推移而扩大（p < 0.001）。这种差异主要是由于2007年至2014年最低收入水平男性（+6.2%）的患病率增加。结论：我们的研究结果与其他研究一致，这些研究记录了经济不安全时期物质使用的增加，特别是男性。与2007年开始的大衰退和较低的就业率相对应，低收入男性在此期间大麻使用的增加幅度最大，导致大麻使用流行率的性别差距随着时间的推移而扩大。(C)由Elsevier爱尔兰Ltd.出版
Aim: Concurrently with increasingly permissive attitudes towards marijuana use and its legalization, the prevalence of marijuana use has increased in recent years in the U.S. Substance use is generally more prevalent in men than women, although for alcohol, the gender gap is narrowing. However, information is lacking on whether time trends in marijuana use differ by gender, or whether socioeconomic status in the context of the Great Recession may affect these changes.Methods: Using repeated cross-sectional data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2002-2014), we examined changes over time in prevalence of past-year marijuana use by gender, and whether gender differences varied across income levels. After empirically determining a change point in use in 2007, we used logistic regression to test interaction terms including time, gender, and income level.Results: Prevalence of marijuana use increased for both men (+4.0%) and women (+2.7%) from 2002 to 2014, with all of the increase occurring from 2007 to 2014. Increases were greater for men, leading to a widening of the gender gap over time (p < 0.001). This divergence occurred primarily due to increased prevalence among men in the lowest income level (+6.2%) from 2007 to 2014.Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with other studies documenting increased substance use during times of economic insecurity, especially among men. Corresponding with the Great Recession and lower employment rate beginning in 2007, low-income men showed the greatest increases in marijuana use during this period, leading to a widening of the gender gap in prevalence of marijuana use over time. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.