Continuous Synthesis of Ruthenium Nanoparticles with Tuneable Sizes using Ruthenium Nitrosyl Nitrate precursor
Continuous Synthesis of Ruthenium Nanoparticles with Tuneable Sizes using Ruthenium Nitrosyl Nitrate precursor
复制标题
使用亚硝酰硝酸钌前驱体连续合成尺寸可调的钌纳米粒子
DOI：
10.1039/d3re00585b
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
El-Kadi J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
El-Kadi J
本文提出了一种新的方法来合成钌纳米粒子通过还原亚硝酰硝酸钌硼氢化钠在流动三维螺旋反应器中在没有封端配体。操纵钌前体的pH-物种形成和流动系统的流体动力学允许合成小纳米颗粒和调整具有窄尺寸分布（2-4 ± 0.5nm）的平均尺寸。提出了一种NP合成的机制，该机制涉及在氢氧化钠存在下从亚硝酰硝酸钌前体形成稳定的亚硝酸钌络合物，这避免了不需要的金属氧化物水解或沉淀。相比之下，更常规的金属前体如氯化物或硝酸盐在碱性条件下容易水解，形成金属氧化物或沉淀物。我们还证明了需要实现反应物的快速混合（<50 ms），以实现在这种快速还原动力学下的均匀成核。这项工作是一个示范的需要相结合的反应化学和工程方法合成的纳米材料。
This paper presents a novel approach for the synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles via the reduction of ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate with sodium borohydride in flow 3D helical reactors in the absence of capping ligands. Manipulating the pH-speciation of the ruthenium precursor and the fluid dynamics of the flow system allows for the synthesis of small nanoparticles and the tuning of average size with narrow size distributions (2–4 ± 0.5 nm). A mechanism is proposed for the NP synthesis involving the formation of a stable ruthenium nitrite complex from the ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate precursor in the presence of sodium hydroxide, which avoids unwanted metal oxide hydrolysis or precipitation. In contrast, more conventional metal precursors such as chlorides or nitrates easily hydrolyse under basic conditions forming metal oxides or precipitates. We also demonstrate the need of achieving fast mixing of reactants (<50 ms) to enable a homogeneous nucleation under such fast reduction kinetics. This work is a demonstration of the need of combining reaction chemistry and engineering approaches on the synthesis of nanomaterials.