Signal Processing for TDM MIMO FMCW Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensors
Signal Processing for TDM MIMO FMCW Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensors
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DOI：
10.1109/access.2021.3137387
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Fu, Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xinrong;Wang, Xiaodong;Fu, Song
在本教程中，我们系统地介绍了基于离散傅里叶变换的TDM MIMO FMCW毫米波(毫米波)汽车雷达信号处理技术的基本工作原理和分析细节。毫米波雷达提供了关键的传感能力，以支持传统和自动驾驶车辆的安全功能。汽车雷达传感器用于检测感兴趣对象的存在和位置，以获得关于道路状况和周围环境的全面和准确的知识。汽车雷达需要在距离-多普勒-方位-仰角范围内提供高分辨率的测量。因此，目前最先进的汽车雷达通常采用MIMO技术，导致需要通过长链信号处理算法来实时处理大块的多维数据。关于基本雷达信号处理技术的详细报道散布在经典雷达系统的大量文献中。目前，还没有涵盖最新TDM MIMO FMCW雷达技术细节的教程，这使得汽车毫米波雷达领域的新研究人员非常困难。这篇白皮书包含了足够的技术细节，可以作为教程。它可以帮助为汽车应用的先进雷达信号处理技术的探索和开发奠定坚实的分析基础。本文给出的算法细节和分析结果可以很容易地应用于实时实现和后处理。文中给出了仿真和实验结果，以验证分析结果和验证TDM MIMO雷达传感器在实际实现中的性能。
In this tutorial paper, we systematically present the fundamental operating principles and analytical details of the discrete Fourier transform based signal processing techniques for the TDM MIMO FMCW millimeter-wave (mmWave) automotive radars. The mmWave radars provide a key sensing capability to support safety features of the conventional and autonomous vehicles. Automotive radar sensors are used to detect presence and location of the objects of interest to derive comprehensive and accurate knowledge of road conditions and surrounding environments. Automotive radars are subjected to an increasing demand to provide high-resolution measurements in the range-Doppler-azimuth-elevation domains. Therefore, the current state-of-the-art automotive radars commonly employ MIMO technologies, resulting in a large block of multidimensional data to process in real time through a long chain of signal processing algorithms. Detailed coverage on the fundamental radar signal processing techniques are scattered in a large body of literature for classical radar systems. Currently, there is no tutorial available that covers the technical details of the latest TDM MIMO FMCW radar technology, making it extremely hard for new researchers in the field of automotive mmWave radars. This paper contains sufficient technical details to serve as a tutorial. It can help lay a solid analytical foundation to facilitate exploration and development of advanced radar signal processing techniques for automotive applications. The algorithmic details and analytical results presented in this paper can be readily applied to both real-time implementation and post-processing. Simulation and experimental results are presented in this paper to validate analytical derivations and to demonstrate the capabilities of the TDM MIMO radar sensor in practical implementations.