Grammatical processing without semantics? An event-related brain potential study of preschoolers using jabberwocky sentences.
Grammatical processing without semantics? An event-related brain potential study of preschoolers using jabberwocky sentences.
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没有语义的语法处理？
DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2007.19.6.1050
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Kuhl,PatriciaK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silva-Pereyra,Juan;Conboy,BarbaraT;Klarman,Lindsay;Kuhl,PatriciaK
行为研究表明，儿童在 36 至 42 个月之间会形成接近成人的语法，但很少有研究探讨儿童的大脑如何处理语义与句法信息。在之前的研究中，Silva-Pereyra 及其同事表明，30、36 和 48 个月大的儿童句子中的语义和句法违规会引发独特的事件相关电位 (ERP)，这些行为遵循成人所表现出的模式。在当前的研究中，我们检查了 36 个月大的儿童在真实句子和胡言乱语句子中句法短语结构违规的 ERP。 Jabberwocky 句子是其中内容（开放类）词被伪词替换而功能（封闭类）词被保留的句子。结果表明，句法异常的真实句子引发了两种积极的 ERP 效应：从 500 到 750 毫秒和 1050 到 1300 毫秒的左分布效应，而句法异常的 jabberwocky 句子引发了两种负的 ERP 效应：从 750 到 900 毫秒的左分布效应和后来从 950 到 1150 毫秒的广泛分布效应毫秒。结果表明，当学龄前儿童处理真正的英语句子时，会注意到类似于先前报道的对成人的积极影响的 ERP，尽管潜伏期更长且头皮分布更广泛。然而，当学龄前儿童处理词汇语义内容发生改变的胡言乱语的句子时，会注意到一种消极的 ERP 成分，类似于通常与意义提取相关的成分。
Behavioral studies have demonstrated that children develop a nearly adult-like grammar between 36 and 42 months, but few studies have addressed how the child's brain processes semantic versus syntactic information. In previous research, Silva-Pereyra and colleagues showed that distinct event-related potentials (ERPs) are elicited by semantic and syntactic violations in sentences in children as young as 30, 36, and 48 months, following the patterns displayed by adults. In the current study, we examined ERPs to syntactic phrase structure violations in real and jabberwocky sentences in 36-month-old children. Jabberwocky sentences are sentences in which content (open-class) words are replaced by pseudowords while function (closed-class) words are retained. Results showed that syntactically anomalous real sentences elicited two positive ERP effects: left-distributed effects from 500 to 750 msec and 1050 to 1300 msec, whereas syntactically anomalous jabberwocky sentences elicited two negative ERP effects: a left-distributed effect from 750 to 900 msec and a later broadly distributed effect from 950 to 1150 msec. The results indicate that when preschoolers process real English sentences, ERPs resembling the positive effects previously reported for adults are noted, although at longer latencies and with broader scalp distributions. However, when preschoolers process jabberwocky sentences with altered lexical-semantic content, a negative-going ERP component similar to one typically associated with the extraction of meaning is noted.