Modeling the Effects of Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration Using Chromatic Detection Mechanisms
Modeling the Effects of Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration Using Chromatic Detection Mechanisms
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使用色检测机制模拟纵向色差的影响
DOI：
10.1167/jov.21.9.2736
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Eskew, Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taveras-Cruz, Yesenia;He, Jingyi;Eskew, Jr.
纵向色差（LCA）通过引入色差导致视网膜图像退化，这种色差在短波长的光中最强烈。通过模糊短波长而不是长波，LCA可以使一个只调节一种视锥细胞类型的外部刺激（例如，短波长视锥细胞）产生一个调节多种视锥细胞的视网膜刺激。我们将LCA模型（Marimont & Wandell, 1994）与色度检测的基本模型相结合，以解释使用沉默替代方法构建的名义上的s锥隔离Gabor斑块获得的两个结果（estamovez & Spekreijse, 1982）： 1。观察者注意到，Gabors在低空间频率（SFs）下呈现彩色（紫色/绿黄色），而在高空间频率下呈现消色差。2. 强制选择检测阈值产生具有两个不同分支的对比灵敏度函数（csf）：在低SFs下，形状匹配调整方法s锥色调灵敏度曲线，而在高SFs下，形状匹配强制选择亮度csf。对于一些观察者来说，探测灵敏度的下降发生在这两个分支之间。LCA产生的视网膜图像的计算表明，我们的名义s锥隔离光栅包含(L)长和(M)中波锥对比，相对于s锥对比，随着SF的增加，其幅度增加。使用Eskew， McLellan, & Giulianini（1999）编制的锥体对比度权重，这些视网膜图像锥体对比度被用作三种基本锥体对抗检测机制的输入：YB (s -cone相对于LM), RG （LM）和ID（“增量/减量”或消色差）。YB和ID响应曲线相交约2-3个周期/度，与s锥检测CSFs的灵敏度“下降”一致。这种下降是由LCA（“伪分辨率”）产生的视网膜图像锥体对比度中的相位反转造成的。利用计算得到的色机制响应曲线，我们可以解释s锥检测CSFs的形状，以及阈值下颜色外观的变化。
Longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) contributes to retinal-image degradation by introducing chromatic blur, which is strongest for short wavelengths of light. By blurring short wavelengths more than longer ones, LCA can cause an external stimulus designed to modulate only one cone type (eg,(S) hort-wavelength cones) to produce a retinal stimulus that modulates multiple cones instead. We combine a model of LCA (Marimont & Wandell, 1994) with a cardinal model of chromatic detection to account for two results that were obtained with nominally S-cone isolating Gabor patches, constructed using the silent-substitution method (Estévez & Spekreijse, 1982): 1. Observers noted that Gabors appeared colorful (violet/greenish-yellow) at low spatial frequencies (SFs) and achromatic at higher SFs. 2. Forced-choice detection thresholds produced contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) with two distinct branches: at low SFs the shape matched method-of-adjustment S-cone hue sensitivity curves, but at higher SFs the shape matched forced-choice luminance CSFs. For some observers, a dip in detection sensitivity occurs between these two branches. Calculations of the retinal-images produced by LCA show that our nominally S-cone isolating gratings contained (L) ong and (M) edium-wavelength cone contrasts that increased in magnitude with SF, relative to S-cone contrasts. These retinal-image cone contrasts were used as input to three cardinal, cone-opponent detection mechanisms: YB (S-cones opposed to LM), RG (LM), and ID (“increment/decrement” or achromatic), using cone contrast weights compiled in Eskew, McLellan, & Giulianini (1999). The YB and ID response curves intersect around 2-3 cycles/degree, aligning with the sensitivity ‘dip’in the S-cone detection CSFs. The dip results from a phase-reversal in the retinal-image cone contrasts produced by LCA (“spurious resolution”). We can account for the shapes of the S-cone detection CSFs, and the change in color appearance at threshold, using the calculated chromatic mechanism response curves.