Distinct effects of three Wolbachia strains on fitness and immune traits in Homona magnanima
Distinct effects of three Wolbachia strains on fitness and immune traits in Homona magnanima
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DOI：
10.1038/s41437-022-00574-6
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发表时间：
2022-11-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Inoue，Maki N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ueda，Masatoshi;Arai，Hiroshi;Inoue，Maki N.
内共生细菌沃尔巴克氏体偶尔会增加宿主适合度或操纵宿主繁殖以增强垂直传播。多个沃尔巴克氏体菌株可以共感染同一宿主个体，这改变了细菌的密度以及表型。然而，Wolbachiacoinfection对宿主适合度的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。在这里，我们研究了三个不同的Wolbachia菌株，wHm-a，wHm-b，和wHm-c，通过比较非感染，单感染，和三重感染的Homona magnanimalines在一个固定的遗传背景下，对主机健身的影响。通过检测Wolbachia对宿主寿命、存活率和繁殖的影响，我们证明了wHm-b或wHm-c的单一感染降低了宿主的繁殖，但三重感染导致了最高的内在生长率。无论Wolbachiaininfection状态如何，品系之间对天然病原体如病毒和真菌的敏感性没有差异。Wolbachia对雌性的细胞免疫和体液免疫没有影响，但对雄性的酚氧化酶活性有抑制作用，这可能是由于Wolbachia的“母亲诅咒”假说或其提高水平传播效率的策略所致。虽然宿主的遗传多样性如何影响Wolbachia亲和性效应还不清楚，但我们的研究结果表明，Wolbachia的影响深受感染状况的影响，Wolbachia可以根据宿主的性别和传播途径改变共生策略。
The endosymbiotic bacteriumWolbachiaoccasionally increases host fitness or manipulates host reproductions to enhance vertical transmission. MultipleWolbachiastrains can coinfect the same host individual, which alters the density as well as phenotypes of the bacteria. However, the effects ofWolbachiacoinfection on host fitness remain largely unknown. Here, we examined the effects of three phylogenetically distinctWolbachiastrains,wHm-a,wHm-b, andwHm-c, on host fitness by comparing non-infected, singly infected, and triply infectedHomona magnanimalines within a fixed genetic background. By examining the effects ofWolbachiaon host longevity, survivorship, and reproduction, we demonstrated that single infection with eitherwHm-b orwHm-c reduced host reproduction, but the triple infection led to the highest intrinsic growth rate. Susceptibility to the natural pathogens such as viruses and fungi was not different among the lines regardless ofWolbachiainfection status. Cellular and humoral immunities were not affected byWolbachiain females, whereas phenoloxidase activity was suppressed in males of allWolbachia-infected lines, implying that it was a result of the mother’s curse hypothesis or a strategy ofWolbachiato increase their horizontal transmission efficiency. Although how the host’s genetic diversity affects theWolbachiafitness effects is yet unknown, our findings indicated that the effects ofWolbachiaare deeply influenced by infection status and thatWolbachiacould change symbiotic strategy depending on host sex and transmission route.