Effect of Wind-Wave-Current Interaction on Oil Spill in the Yangtze River Estuary
Effect of Wind-Wave-Current Interaction on Oil Spill in the Yangtze River Estuary
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DOI：
10.3390/jmse11030494
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
C. Kuang;Jilong Chen;Jie Wang;R. Qin;Jiadong Fan;Q. Zou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Kuang;Jilong Chen;Jie Wang;R. Qin;Jiadong Fan;Q. Zou
石油泄漏是对海洋生态系统的主要威胁，并对海洋生物和水质产生长期影响。本文基于MIKE21建立了长江口二维水动力和溢油输运模型，并特别考虑了风-浪-流相互作用。该模型与实测水位、流速和台风“奉旺”期间的溢油事件吻合较好。本文主要研究了油颗粒的运动轨迹和扩散规律。模拟结果表明：(1)台风期间发生溢油时，在高WWCI条件下，油膜可以迅速沉积，与正常天气条件相比，被扫面积减小到20%左右；(2)强流和大浪扩大了油膜覆盖范围，而高风速使油膜沉积在浅水区；(3)冬季风作用下，油膜移动更远，被扫面积远大于夏季风作用下，且两次冬风对溢油的影响最大。研究考虑了不同风、浪、流条件下油类在运动过程中的漂移、扩散、蒸发、乳化等现象，对其他河口的溢油防治具有较好的指导意义。
Oil spills are major threat to marine ecosystem and have long-lasting effect on marine life and water quality. In this study, a two-dimension hydrodynamic and oil spill transport model of the Yangtze River Estuary is established based on MIKE21 with a special attention to wind-wave-current interaction (WWCI). The model agrees well with the observed data on water level, current velocity, and the real oil spill event during Typhoon Fongwong. This study is mainly focused on the oil particle trajectory and spread. The model results show: (1) when the oil spill occurs during a typhoon period, the oil film can rapidly deposit under high WWCI, decreasing the swept area to about 20% compared with the normal weather condition; (2) strong current and large wave enlarge the oil film coverage whereas high wind speeds cause the oil particles to deposit in the shallow water area; and (3) the oil particles move farther and the swept area is far greater under the winter wind than under the summer wind, and the two times of the winter wind show the greatest effect on the oil spill. This study considers the drift, dispersion, evaporation, and emulsification of oil during the moving period under different wind, wave and current conditions, providing a good guidance for the oil spill prevention and mitigation in other estuaries.