Alignment incoherence in ontology matching
Alignment incoherence in ontology matching
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
Christian Meilicke
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作者：
Christian Meilicke
本体匹配是在本体之间生成对齐的过程。对齐是一组对应关系。每个对应关系将来自一个本体的概念和属性链接到来自另一个本体的概念和属性。显然，对齐是实现不同本体描述的知识库集成的关键组成部分。由于几个原因，比对经常包含错误的对应。其中一些错误可能会导致与其他对应关系的逻辑冲突。在这种情况下，对准被称为非相干对准。对齐不连贯的相关性和解决对齐不连贯的策略是本文的核心。在介绍了本体和对齐的语法和语义之后，从不同的角度讨论了对齐一致性的重要性。一方面，人们认为，对齐不一致总是与对应的不正确相一致。另一方面，它表明，使用非相干对准的结果在不同类型的应用程序的严重问题。本论文的主要部分是关于解决对准不相干的技术，即，如何找到非相干对准的相干子集，该相干子集必须优于其他相干子集。基本理论是诊断理论。特别是，提出了两种特定类型的诊断，称为局部最优和全局最优诊断。由于两个原因，计算诊断是一个挑战。首先，需要使用不同类型的推理技术来确定对齐是不一致的，并找到导致不一致的子集（冲突集）。其次，给定一组冲突集，计算全局最优诊断是一个困难的问题。在这篇论文中，我们提出了几种算法来有效地解决这些问题。在本论文的最后一部分，以前开发的算法被应用到的场景-评估路线，通过计算其程度的不一致性; -修复不一致的路线，通过计算不同类型的诊断; -选择一个连贯的路线，从一组丰富的匹配假设; -支持手动修订的不一致的路线。在讨论实验结果的过程中，变得清楚的是，可以创建相干对准而不会对对准质量产生负面影响。此外，结果表明，考虑到对齐不一致性对对齐的精度有积极的影响，所提出的方法可以帮助人类在修改过程中节省精力。
Ontology matching is the process of generating alignments between ontologies. An alignment is a set of correspondences. Each correspondence links concepts and properties from one ontology to concepts and properties from another ontology. Obviously, alignments are the key component to enable integration of knowledge bases described by different ontologies. For several reasons, alignments contain often erroneous correspondences. Some of these errors can result in logical conflicts with other correspondences. In such a case the alignment is referred to as an incoherent alignment. The relevance of alignment incoherence and strategies to resolve alignment incoherence are in the center of this thesis. After an introduction to syntax and semantics of ontologies and alignments, the importance of alignment coherence is discussed from different perspectives. On the one hand, it is argued that alignment incoherence always coincides with the incorrectness of correspondences. On the other hand, it is demonstrated that the use of incoherent alignments results in severe problems for different types of applications. The main part of this thesis is concerned with techniques for resolving alignment incoherence, i.e., how to find a coherent subset of an incoherent alignment that has to be preferred over other coherent subsets. The underlying theory is the theory of diagnosis. In particular, two specific types of diagnoses, referred to as local optimal and global optimal diagnosis, are proposed. Computing a diagnosis is for two reasons a challenge. First, it is required to use different types of reasoning techniques to determine that an alignment is incoherent and to find subsets (conflict sets) that cause the incoherence. Second, given a set of conflict sets it is a hard problem to compute a global optimal diagnosis. In this thesis several algorithms are suggested to solve these problems in an efficient way. In the last part of this thesis, the previously developed algorithms are applied to the scenarios of - evaluating alignments by computing their degree of incoherence; - repairing incoherent alignments by computing different types of diagnoses; - selecting a coherent alignment from a rich set of matching hypotheses; - supporting the manual revision of an incoherent alignment. In the course of discussing the experimental results, it becomes clear that it is possible to create a coherent alignment without negative impact on the alignments quality. Moreover, results show that taking alignment incoherence into account has a positive impact on the precision of the alignment and that the proposed approach can help a human to save effort in the revision process.