Including adaptation and mitigation responses to climate change in a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm framework for urban water supply systems incorporating GHG emissions
Including adaptation and mitigation responses to climate change in a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm framework for urban water supply systems incorporating GHG emissions
复制标题
将气候变化的适应和缓解措施纳入考虑温室气体排放的城市供水系统的多目标进化算法框架中
DOI：
10.1002/2013wr015195
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
G. Dandy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Paton;H. Maier;G. Dandy
世界各地的城市越来越多地参与气候行动和减少温室气体 (GHG) 排放。然而，在水部门应对气候压力的背景下，很少有研究调查用水变化对温室气体排放的影响，尽管水资源适应往往需要更多的能源使用。因此，有必要减少温室气体排放，并在规划和管理城市供水系统时重点关注气候变化的缓解和适应措施。此外，尽量减少温室气体排放可能与其他目标发生冲突。因此，应用多目标进化算法（MOEA）将是有益的，该算法可以在一次运行中进化出多个目标的整个权衡（帕累托）前沿的近似值。因此，本文的主要目的是将温室气体排放纳入 MOEA 框架，以考虑城市供水系统对气候变化的适应和减缓反应。该方法应用于基于阿德莱德南部供水系统的案例研究，以展示该框架的实际管理意义。结果表明，温室气体排放与基于风险的绩效之间以及温室气体排放与经济成本之间存在权衡。包含雨水箱的解决方案价格昂贵，而温室气体排放量随着淡化水供应的增加而大大增加。因此，虽然海水淡化厂由于其与气候无关，可能是适应气候变化的良好选择，但雨水可能是更好的缓解措施，尽管成本更高。
Cities around the world are increasingly involved in climate action and mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, in the context of responding to climate pressures in the water sector, very few studies have investigated the impacts of changing water use on GHG emissions, even though water resource adaptation often requires greater energy use. Consequently, reducing GHG emissions, and thus focusing on both mitigation and adaptation responses to climate change in planning and managing urban water supply systems, is necessary. Furthermore, the minimization of GHG emissions is likely to conflict with other objectives. Thus, applying a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA), which can evolve an approximation of entire trade‐off (Pareto) fronts of multiple objectives in a single run, would be beneficial. Consequently, the main aim of this paper is to incorporate GHG emissions into a MOEA framework to take into consideration both adaptation and mitigation responses to climate change for a city's water supply system. The approach is applied to a case study based on Adelaide's southern water supply system to demonstrate the framework's practical management implications. Results indicate that trade‐offs exist between GHG emissions and risk‐based performance, as well as GHG emissions and economic cost. Solutions containing rainwater tanks are expensive, while GHG emissions greatly increase with increased desalinated water supply. Consequently, while desalination plants may be good adaptation options to climate change due to their climate‐independence, rainwater may be a better mitigation response, albeit more expensive.