Mistaking opposition for autonomy: psychophysical studies on detecting choice bias
Mistaking opposition for autonomy: psychophysical studies on detecting choice bias
复制标题
将反对误认为自主：检测选择偏见的心理物理学研究
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2022.1785
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kummen Å
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kummen Å
人们知道什么时候他们的行为是自由自主的，什么时候他们的行为是受影响的？虽然人类对自由的渴望是普遍的，但很少有研究调查人们如何看待他们的选择是否有偏见。在这里，我们探讨了与建议一致或不一致的行为如何被认为是受影响的或自由的。在三个实验中，参与者看到方向刺激提示左或右手动反应。他们被要求遵循提示的建议，反对它或完全忽略它来做出“自由”的选择。我们发现，我们可以让参与者的“自由反应”偏向于遵守或反对，方法是让其中一个指令比另一个更频繁。引人注目的是，参与者一致报告说，即使反应习惯有效地使他们倾向于这种对立行为，他们对不一致反应的线索的影响也较小。这种效果是如此引人注目，以至于经常与相反指示一起出现的线索被系统地判断为对行为的影响较小，人为地增加了选择的自由感。综上所述，这些发现表明，逆反行为扭曲了对自主权的感知。至关重要的是，我们证明了由训练有素的反对派引发的一种新的自由幻觉的存在。我们的研究结果对理解说服机制具有重要意义。
Do people know when they act freely and autonomously versus when their actions are influenced? While the human aspiration to freedom is widespread, little research has investigated how people perceive whether their choices are biased. Here, we explored how actions congruent or incongruent with suggestions are perceived as influenced or free. Across three experiments, participants saw directional stimuli cueing left or right manual responses. They were instructed to follow the cue's suggestion, oppose it or ignore it entirely to make a ‘free’ choice. We found that we could bias participants' ‘free responses’ towards adherence or opposition, by making one instruction more frequent than the other. Strikingly, participants consistently reported feeling less influenced by cues to which they responded incongruently, even when response habits effectively biased them towards such opposition behaviour. This effect was so compelling that cues that were frequently presented with theOpposeinstruction became systematically judged as having less influence on behaviour, artificially increasing the sense of freedom of choice. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that acting contrarian distorts the perception of autonomy. Crucially, we demonstrate the existence of a novel illusion of freedom evoked by trained opposition. Our results have important implications for understanding mechanisms of persuasion.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Schurger A;Faivre N;Cammoun L;Trovó B;Blanke O
通讯作者：
Blanke O
DOI：
10.1027/2151-2604/a000222
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Zeitschrift fur Psychologie
影响因子：
--
作者：
Steindl C;Jonas E;Sittenthaler S;Traut-Mattausch E;Greenberg J
通讯作者：
Greenberg J
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
M. Botvinick;T. Braver;D. Barch;C. Carter;J. Cohen
通讯作者：
M. Botvinick;T. Braver;D. Barch;C. Carter;J. Cohen
大脑与主观选择自由度的相关性
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
E. Filevich;Patricia Vanneste;M. Brass;W. Fias;P. Haggard;S. Kühn
通讯作者：
S. Kühn
自由反应选择的潜意识启动是否取决于任务集或自动反应激活？
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Patrick A. O’Connor;W. Trammell Neill
通讯作者：
W. Trammell Neill