Suicide and suicidal behavior.

Suicide and suicidal behavior.
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自杀和自杀行为。

DOI:
10.1093/epirev/mxn002
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Lee, Sing
Lee, Sing
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nock, Matthew K.;Borges, Guilherme;Bromet, Evelyn J.;Cha, Christine B.;Kessler, Ronald C.;Lee, Sing

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自杀行为是世界范围内伤害和死亡的主要原因。关于这种行为的流行病学信息对于政策制定和预防非常重要。作者回顾了政府关于自杀和自杀行为的数据,并对1997年至2007年发表的自杀流行病学研究进行了系统回顾。作者的目的是检查美国和跨国自杀行为的流行率,趋势,风险和保护因素。数据显示,自杀行为的患病率存在显著的跨国差异,但发病年龄、转移概率和关键风险因素具有一致性。自杀在男性中更普遍,而非致命性自杀行为在女性和年轻人中更普遍,未婚,或有精神疾病。尽管在过去的十年中,自杀者的治疗有所增加,但自杀行为的发生率基本保持不变。大多数关于自杀行为的流行病学研究都集中在流行的模式和相关性上。下一代研究必须检查可改变的风险和保护因素之间的协同效应。新的研究必须结合调查方法和临床评估的最新进展。研究结果应用于持续的努力,以减少自杀行为造成的重大生命损失。
Suicidal behavior is a leading cause of injury and death worldwide. Information about the epidemiology of such behavior is important for policy-making and prevention. The authors reviewed government data on suicide and suicidal behavior and conducted a systematic review of studies on the epidemiology of suicide published from 1997 to 2007. The authors' aims were to examine the prevalence of, trends in, and risk and protective factors for suicidal behavior in the United States and cross-nationally. The data revealed significant cross-national variability in the prevalence of suicidal behavior but consistency in age of onset, transition probabilities, and key risk factors. Suicide is more prevalent among men, whereas nonfatal suicidal behaviors are more prevalent among women and persons who are young, are unmarried, or have a psychiatric disorder. Despite an increase in the treatment of suicidal persons over the past decade, incidence rates of suicidal behavior have remained largely unchanged. Most epidemiologic research on suicidal behavior has focused on patterns and correlates of prevalence. The next generation of studies must examine synergistic effects among modifiable risk and protective factors. New studies must incorporate recent advances in survey methods and clinical assessment. Results should be used in ongoing efforts to decrease the significant loss of life caused by suicidal behavior.
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