A review of otolith pathways to brainstem and cerebellum
A review of otolith pathways to brainstem and cerebellum
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09175.x
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Büttner-Ennever, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Büttner-Ennever, JA
我们对耳石通路的了解正在迅速发展，但仍远未完成。来自球囊和椭圆囊的初级传入主要终止于前庭外侧核、前庭下核和前庭尾侧上级核以及小脑腹侧，特别是结节。耳石信号通过脊髓中的网状和前庭脊髓通路下行，影响颈部运动神经元和上行本体感觉传入。椭圆囊的信息可以通过单突触、双突触和多突触途径到达眼外肌，而囊状传入可能只能通过多突触途径到达眼外肌，耳石信号从前庭核、延髓网状结构、下橄榄核和外侧网状核传递到小脑尾蚓部的矢状区（结节和悬雍垂），并影响小脑深核。重力感受信息可以通过小脑传出神经返回前庭和下橄榄复合体，或者进入上行通路，支配中脑、丘脑和大脑皮质。
Our knowledge of otolith pathways is developing rapidly, but is still far from complete. Primary afferents from the sacculus and utricle terminate mainly in the lateral, inferior and caudal superior vestibular nuclei, and the ventral cerebellum, in particular the nodulus. Otolith signals descend via reticulo- and vestibulospinal pathways in the spinal cord to influence neck motoneurons and ascending proprioceptive afferents. Utricular information can reach the extraocular eye muscles via mono-, di-, and multisynaptic pathways, but saccular afferents probably only by multisynaptic pathways.The otolith signals are relayed from the vestibular nuclei, medullary reticular formation, inferior olive, and lateral reticular nucleus to sagittal zones in the caudal cerebellar vermis (nodulus and uvula), and influence the deep cerebellar nuclei. The graviceptive information could be channeled by the cerebellar efferents back to the vestibular and inferior olive complex, or fed into ascending pathways that would innervate the mescencephalon, the thalamus, and cerebral cortex.