Stable isotopic composition of chitin from arthropods recovered in archaeological contexts as palaeoenvironmental indicators
Stable isotopic composition of chitin from arthropods recovered in archaeological contexts as palaeoenvironmental indicators
复制标题
考古环境中回收的节肢动物几丁质的稳定同位素组成作为古环境指标
DOI：
10.1016/0305-4403(86)90040-3
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
C. Jeuniaux
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Schimmelmann;M. J. Deniro;M. Poulicek;M. Voss;G. Goffinet;C. Jeuniaux
研究了生物降解和加热对节肢动物甲壳素碳、氮、氢、氧稳定同位素比值的影响。甲壳素外骨骼从七个水生节肢动物物种进行厌氧海洋生物降解泥，陆地生物降解土壤中，在厌氧和好氧条件下的热降解。然后比较处理和未处理标本中色谱分离的D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐及其衍生物的同位素比。碳、氮、氧和氢稳定同位素比值在甲壳素部分降解过程中均保持不变。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）的微形态比较研究表明，没有真菌几丁质或其他污染物存在于化学分离的生物降解底物的几丁质。我们的研究结果表明，它将有可能使用稳定的同位素比值的考古甲壳素样品的环境和气候重建。这种方法的效用的一个例子来自观察甲壳类动物的外骨骼的稳定同位素比从考古遗址与年龄高达1400年BP恢复与现代甲壳类动物从类似的环境中的测量是很好的协议。
The effects of biodegradation and heating on the stable carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios of chitin in arthropods were studied. Chitinous exoskeletons from seven aquatic arthropod species were subjected to anaerobic marine biodegradation in mud, to terrestrial biodegradation in soils, and to thermal degradation under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The isotope ratios of chromatographically separated D-glucosamine hydrochloride and derivatives from treated and untreated specimens were then compared. Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios were all found to be conserved during partial degradation of chitin. Micromorphological comparative studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that no fungal chitin or other contaminants were present in the chitins that were chemically isolated from biodegraded substrates. Our results indicate that it will be possible to use stable isotope ratios of archaeological chitin samples for environmental and climatic reconstructions. An illustration of the utility of this approach comes from the observation that the stable isotope ratios of chitin from crustacean exoskeletons recovered from archaeological sites with ages up to 1400 years bp are in good agreement with measurements on modern crustaceans from similar environments.