Cocaine treatment admissions at three sentinel sites in South Africa (1997-2006): findings and implications for policy, practice and research
Cocaine treatment admissions at three sentinel sites in South Africa (1997-2006): findings and implications for policy, practice and research
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DOI：
10.1186/1747-597x-2-37
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Myers, Bronwyn J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parry, Charles D. H.;Plueddemann, Andreas;Myers, Bronwyn J.
背景资料：关于可卡因使用的准确流行率数据，指出问题存在的地方和这些问题的程度，对于指导制定有效的药物滥用政策和做法是必要的。本研究的目的是提供有关南非可卡因滥用的性质和程度的监测信息。1997年1月至2006年12月期间，通过涉及开普敦56个戒毒治疗中心和方案的定期监测系统收集了关于接受戒毒治疗的数据，在豪登省（约翰内斯堡和比勒陀利亚）和东开普省，每六个月一次，作为南非共同体药物使用流行病学网络的一部分。一个单页的表格完成了治疗中心的人员，以获得人口统计数据，患者的主要和次要物质的滥用，模式，频率和年龄的第一次使用的物质，和信息在以前的treatment.Results：治疗指标指向可卡因相关的入院显着增加，随着时间的推移，在所有网站，但大量的网站间的变化，特别是在最近几年。数据表明，患者中快克可卡因的使用率和每日使用率都很高，其中大多数是第一次入院。与可卡因有关的问题患者仍然主要是男性，平均年龄在30岁左右。随着时间的推移，患者的种族特征发生了实质性变化。聚毒品的使用是高的可卡因经常与酒精，大麻和其他drugs.Conclusion：这些趋势指向可卡因的使用成为一个严重的健康和社会问题，在南非的可能性，并证明在未来继续监测可卡因治疗入院的效用。它们还强调需要在国家和省级政策规划和干预工作中解决可卡因使用问题。在治疗方面，研究结果强调，需要确保治疗从业人员得到充分的培训，以解决兴奋剂问题，多种药物的使用，艾滋病毒和其他风险行为与快克可卡因的使用。应作为紧急事项解决某些人口阶层在获得治疗方面可能存在的差距。
Background: Accurate prevalence data on cocaine use, that points to where problems exist and the extent of these problems, is necessary to guide the formulation of effective substance abuse policy and practice. The purpose of this study was to provide surveillance information about the nature and extent of problematic cocaine use in South Africa.Methods: Data were collected between January 1997 and December 2006 on admissions for drug abuse treatment through a regular monitoring system involving 56 drug treatment centres and programmes in Cape Town, Gauteng Province (Johannesburg and Pretoria) and the Eastern Cape every six months as part of the South African Community Epidemiology Network on Drug Use (SACENDU). A one-page form was completed by treatment centre personnel to obtain demographic data, the patients' primary and secondary substances of abuse, the mode, frequency and age of first use of substance, and information on prior treatment.Results: Treatment indicators point to a significant increase in cocaine related admissions over time in all sites, but with substantial inter-site variation, particularly in recent years. The data indicate high levels of crack cocaine use and high levels of daily usage among patients, most of whom were first time admissions. Patients with cocaine related problems continue to be predominantly male, with a mean age of around 30 years. Substantial changes in the racial profile of patients have occurred over time. Poly drug use is high with cocaine often used with alcohol, cannabis and other drugs.Conclusion: These trends point to the possibility of cocaine use becoming a serious health and social issue in South Africa and demonstrate the utility of continued monitoring of cocaine treatment admissions in the future. They also highlight the need to address cocaine use in national and provincial policy planning and intervention efforts. In terms of treatment, the findings highlight the need to ensure that treatment practitioners are adequately trained to address stimulant problems, poly drug use, and HIV and other risk behaviour related to crack cocaine use. Possible gaps in access to treatment by certain sectors of the population should be addessed as a matter of urgency.