Offshore aquaculture of finfish: Big expectations at sea
Offshore aquaculture of finfish: Big expectations at sea
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远洋养殖业：远洋大期待
DOI：
10.1111/raq.12625
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Bernat Morro;K. Davidson;T. Adams;L. Falconer;M. Holloway;A. Dale;D. Aleynik;P. Thies;F. Khalid;J. Hardwick;Helen Smith;P. Gillibrand;S. Rey-Planellas
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文献类型：
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作者：
Bernat Morro;K. Davidson;T. Adams;L. Falconer;M. Holloway;A. Dale;D. Aleynik;P. Thies;F. Khalid;J. Hardwick;Helen Smith;P. Gillibrand;S. Rey-Planellas
近几年来，近海水产养殖势头强劲，越来越多的海洋鱼类品种的生产正在向近海转移。最初，在没有足够科学证据的情况下，就近海水产养殖将比近岸养殖带来的优势作出了预测。现在，有了更多的科学知识，这篇评论重新审视了过去对近海水产养殖的预测和期望。我们分析和解释了界定离岸和近岸地点的海洋学特征。使用大西洋鲑鱼（萨尔莫salar）作为案例研究，我们专注于海虱，阿米巴鳃病，有害藻华的风险，以及海洋学对鱼类的健康和生理的直接影响。还考虑了近海水产养殖的运营和许可证发放方面的挑战和优势。在日益饱和的庇护区缺乏空间将推动新的农场到离岸地点，如果采取适当的步骤，离岸水产养殖可以取得成功。首先，必须充分了解养殖鱼类和基础设施的物理能力。第二，必须仔细研究潜在地点的海洋学，以确认它们是否符合特定物种的能力。第三，必须制定一项经济计划，考虑到该网站的运营成本和许可证限制。这一审查将作为研究人员和利益攸关方的指南和资料汇编。
Offshore aquaculture has gained momentum in recent years, and the production of an increasing number of marine fish species is being relocated offshore. Initially, predictions of the advantages that offshore aquaculture would present over nearshore farming were made without enough science-based evidence. Now, with more scientific knowledge, this review revisits past predictions and expectations of offshore aquaculture. We analysed and explained the oceanographic features that define off-shore and nearshore sites. Using Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) as a case study, we focussed on sea lice, amoebic gill disease, and the risk of harmful algal blooms, as well as the direct effects of the oceanography on the health and physiology of fish. The operational and licencing challenges and advantages of offshore aquaculture are also considered. The lack of space in increasingly saturated sheltered areas will push new farms out to offshore locations and, if appropriate steps are followed, offshore aqua-culture can be successful. Firstly, the physical capabilities of the farmed fish species and infrastructure must be fully understood. Secondly, the oceanography of potential sites must be carefully studied to confirm that they are compatible with the species-specific capabilities. And, thirdly, an economic plan considering the operational costs and licencing limitations of the site must be developed. This review will serve as a guide and a compilation of information for researchers and stakeholders.