Optical properties of black phosphorus
Optical properties of black phosphorus
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DOI：
10.1364/aop.8.000618
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
27.1
通讯作者：
Xiaomu Wang;Shoufeng Lan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaomu Wang;Shoufeng Lan
黑磷是一种新兴的层状材料，具有巨大而有趣的物理、化学和电子性质。最近，它从二维（2D）材料的角度重新引入社区，显示出优异的载流子迁移率，在中红外（mid-IR）范围内的强光-物质相互作用，以及独特的各向异性物理特性。这些特性在带隙范围和迁移率/带隙权衡方面超出了现有的2D材料，从而可以弥合从中红外光子到高性能场效应器件的应用差距。本文综述了近年来黑磷光学性质的研究现状和发展趋势，重点介绍了其宽带可调带隙和各向异性光学性质。我们首先简要介绍了黑磷的历史，合成，晶体/能带结构和基本物理性质。在第三节中，我们讨论了黑磷的光学性质，包括电子激发诱导与声子激发诱导的光学性质的比较，线性与非线性吸收，静态与动态光响应，以及准粒子效应与效应。在此之后，我们在第四节中介绍了典型的黑磷光子器件。重点介绍了中红外和太赫兹波段光探测器、超快调Q和锁模脉冲激光器以及纳米光子器件的最新进展。最后，我们在第5节中对黑磷目前面临的挑战和未来的应用机会进行了总结和展望。
Black phosphorus is a newly rising layered material with tremendous and intriguing physical, chemical, and electronic properties. Recently, it was reintroduced into the community from the perspective of two-dimensional (2D) materials, showing excellent carrier mobility, strong light–matter interactions in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) range, and unique anisotropic physical properties. These features are beyond the existing 2D materials in terms of bandgap range and mobility/bandgap trade-off, making it possible to bridge the application gaps ranging from mid-IR photonics to high-performance field-effect devices. In this paper, we review the status and perspectives of the optical properties of black phosphorus, with a particular emphasis on their broadband tunable bandgap and anisotropic optical properties. We began with a brief introduction on the history, synthesis, crystal/band structures, and basic physical properties of black phosphorus. In Section 3, we discuss the optical properties of black phosphorus, including comparison of the electronic-excitation-induced versus phonon-excitation-induced optical properties, linear versus nonlinear absorption, and static versus dynamic photoresponse, as well as the quasi-particle effect versus the effect. After that, we exemplify typical black phosphorus photonic devices in Section 4. We highlight recent progress in photodetectors covering mid-IR and terahertz wavelength, ultrafast Q-switching and mode-locking pulse lasers and nanophotonic devices. Finally, we present a summary and outlook of black phosphorus regarding current challenges and future application opportunities in Section 5.