Early Neolithic vegetation history, fire regime and human activity at Kuahuqiao, Lower Yangtze River, East China: New and improved insight
Early Neolithic vegetation history, fire regime and human activity at Kuahuqiao, Lower Yangtze River, East China: New and improved insight
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2010.04.010
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发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
J. Shu;Wei-Ming Wang;Le-ping. Jiang;H. Takahara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Shu;Wei-Ming Wang;Le-ping. Jiang;H. Takahara
对浙江跨湖桥一条2.6m长的考古沉积剖面进行了花粉-植硅体-木炭微体化石的研究。这些结果为先前建立的植被序列带来了新的和改进的见解，有助于更好地理解新石器时代早期长江下游植被，火和人类活动之间的相互作用，在考古记录和已发表的可用数据的背景下进行讨论。三个不同的阶段得到了很好的代表：自然主导的阶段（c。8250- 7950口径BP），人类影响阶段（约7950-7400 cal. BP）和海洋控制阶段（后7400 cal. BP），考虑植被变化，人类的影响，和环境动态。8300卡左右。BP是以栎属、松属、青冈属、枫香属、榆树/榉树等为主的万年青落叶阔叶混交林。它最初是由当地新石器时代早期的猎人和觅食者通过火自c.7950cal。BP，文化层中有丰富的微体化石炭。在低地的干扰森林逐步撤退，主要是由Poaceae占主导地位的植被格局取代，这表明越来越多的人的干扰，包括水稻种植自7760卡尔。BP.栎属和松属是当地小流域人类活动的主要目的地，这一点也得到了考古记录的有力支持。然而，在花粉序列中没有记录到其他地方报道的桤木属植物繁荣的短暂时期。此外，结合花粉和考古学证据表明，香蒲在当地传播的时间大约为7400 cal。BP的形成除了是人类对环境管理的结果外，主要是对水环境扩张的自然反应。在跨湖桥文化结束之前，随着海平面的上升，当地水文生态系统受到阻碍，从而导致水位上升，这可能是跨湖桥文化在随后的海侵中结束的结果。
A new 2.6-m long archaeological sedimentary profile from Kuahuqiao, Zhejiang Province, was examined for pollen-phytolith-charcoal microfossil content. The results bring a new and improved insight into the previously established vegetation sequence, contributing to better understanding the interaction between vegetation, fire and human activity in the early Neolithic Lower Yangtze, discussed in the context of archaeological record and published available data. Three distinctive phases were well represented: the nature-dominated phase (c. 8250–7950cal. BP), the human-affected phase (c. 7950–7400 cal. BP) and the marine-controlled phase (post-7400 cal. BP), considering vegetation changes, human impact, and environment dynamics. Around 8300cal. BP, the mixed broadleaved evergreen and deciduous forest, mainly consisting of Quercus, Pinus, Cyclobalanopsis, Liquidambar, and Ulmus/Zelkova, developed at Kuahuqiao. It was initially opened by the early local Neolithic hunters and foragers by means of fire since c.7950cal. BP, indicated by abundant microfossil charcoal in cultural layers. The disturbed forest in the lowlands progressively retreated and was predominately replaced by a Poaceae-dominated vegetation pattern, suggesting increasingly intensified human interference including rice cultivation since 7760cal. BP. Quercus and Pinus were the main components among the woods targeted by humans in the local small basin, strongly supported by archaeological records as well. However, the short period of Alnus flourishing reported elsewhere is not documented in the pollen sequence. In addition, the combined pollen and archaeological evidence shows that the well recorded local spread of Typha around 7400cal. BP could mainly be a natural response to the expansion of water regime in addition to the result of human management of the environment. The increasing water level was presumably induced by the local blocked hydrological ecosystem as a result of its retrogression prompted by rising sea level, before the Kuahuqiao Culture ended in the subsequent marine transgression.