A prospective examination of children's time spent outdoors, objectively measured physical activity and overweight
A prospective examination of children's time spent outdoors, objectively measured physical activity and overweight
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DOI：
10.1038/ijo.2008.171
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Salmon, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cleland, V.;Crawford, D.;Salmon, J.
目的：本研究旨在确定在小学学龄儿童中，户外时间是否与客观测量的身体活动、体重指数（BMI）z分数以及超重相关，进行横断面研究以及为期3年的前瞻性研究。
方法：为期3年的队列研究，数据收集于2001年至2004年。澳大利亚墨尔本19所随机选取的公立小学。188名5 - 6岁儿童和360名10 - 12岁儿童。基线时家长报告儿童在较暖和较冷月份以及工作日和周末的户外时间。在基线和随访时，通过加速度计客观评估儿童的中等强度和高强度身体活动（MVPA），并根据测量的身高和体重计算BMI z分数和超重情况。
结果：横断面研究显示，在较冷月份，工作日和周末每多在户外1小时，年龄较大的女孩每周中等强度和高强度身体活动（MVPA）增加27分钟，年龄较大的男孩每周增加20分钟。纵向研究表明，周末更多的户外时间预示着年龄较大的女孩和男孩在周末有更高的MVPA（每周增加5分钟）。在随访中，年龄较大儿童的超重患病率在基线时户外时间较多的儿童中降低了27% - 41%。
结论：鼓励10 - 12岁儿童花更多时间在户外可能是增加身体活动以及预防超重和肥胖增加的有效策略。有必要进行干预研究，以调查增加户外时间对儿童身体活动和超重的影响。
Objective: This study aimed to determine whether time spent outdoors was associated with objectively measured physical activity, body mass index (BMI) z-score and overweight in elementary-school aged children, cross-sectionally and prospectively over 3 years.Methods: Three-year cohort study with data collected during 2001 and 2004. Nineteen randomly selected state elementary schools across Melbourne, Australia. One hundred and eighty eight 5-6-year-old and 360 10-12-year-old children. Baseline parent reports of children's time spent outdoors during warmer and cooler months, on weekdays and weekends. At baseline and follow-up, children's moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was objectively assessed by accelerometry, and BMI z-score and overweight was calculated from measured height and weight.Results: Cross-sectionally, each additional hour outdoors on weekdays and weekend days during the cooler months was associated with an extra 27 min week(-1) MVPA among older girls, and with an extra 20 min week(-1) MVPA among older boys. Longitudinally, more time outdoors on weekends predicted higher MVPA on weekends among older girls and boys (5 min week(-1)). The prevalence of overweight among older children at follow-up was 27-41% lower among those spending more time outdoors at baseline.Conclusion: Encouraging 10-12-year-old children to spend more time outdoors may be an effective strategy for increasing physical activity and preventing increases in overweight and obesity. Intervention research investigating the effect of increasing time outdoors on children's physical activity and overweight is warranted.