Disparities in depressive distress by sexual orientation in emerging adults: the roles of attachment and stress paradigms.
Disparities in depressive distress by sexual orientation in emerging adults: the roles of attachment and stress paradigms.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10508-013-0129-6
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Austin, S. Bryn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosario, Margaret;Reisner, Sari L.;Corliss, Heather L.;Wypij, David;Frazier, A. Lindsay;Austin, S. Bryn
与异性恋者相比，女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋青年的抑郁率更高。我们提出并研究了一个理论模型，以了解依恋和压力范式是否解释了性取向的抑郁困扰的差异，使用纵向的成长今天的研究（GUTS）和护士的健康研究II（NHSII）。符合这项分析条件的GUTS参与者报告了性取向，儿童期性别歧视行为（GNB），对母亲的依恋（2005年）和抑郁症状（2007年）。GUTS参与者的母亲是NHSII参与者，她们报告了对同性恋（2004年）和母爱（2006年）的态度。样本有6，122名参与者。在GUTs青年中（2005年男性= 20.6岁; 64.4%为女性），1.7%为女同性恋/男同性恋（LG），1.7%为双性恋（BI），10.0%为异性恋（MH），86.7%为完全异性恋（CH）。在调整人口统计学特征和兄弟姐妹聚类后，LG，BI和MH比CH报告更多的抑郁困扰。这种关系是部分介导的（即，解释）的LG，BI，和MH相对于CH的不太安全的连接。条件关系（即，交互作用）表明，随着GNB对BI的增加，BI比CH报告更多的痛苦;没有发现LG与CH的可比关系。兄弟姐妹的比较发现，性少数群体（LG，BI和MH）报告更多的抑郁困扰，不安全的附件，和更多的儿童GNBs比CH兄弟姐妹;母亲报告的感情，他们的性少数比CH后代。研究结果表明，依恋和儿童期性别不一致的差异模式抑郁症的性取向。依恋和相关的经验是更有问题的性少数比他们的CH兄弟姐妹。
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth have elevated rates of depression compared to heterosexuals. We proposed and examined a theoretical model to understand whether attachment and stress paradigms explain disparities in depressive distress by sexual orientation, using the longitudinal Growing Up Today Study (GUTS) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII). GUTS participants eligible for this analysis reported sexual orientation, childhood gender nonconforming behaviors (GNBs), attachment to mother (all in 2005), and depressive symptoms (in 2007). Mothers of the GUTS participants who are the NHSII participants reported attitudes toward homosexuality (in 2004) and maternal affection (in 2006). The sample had 6,122 participants. Of GUTS youth (M = 20.6 years old in 2005; 64.4% female), 1.7% were lesbian/gay (LG), 1.7% bisexual (BI), 10.0% mostly heterosexual (MH), and 86.7% completely heterosexual (CH). After adjusting for demographic characteristics and sibling clustering, LGs, BIs, and MHs reported more depressive distress than CHs. This relation was partially mediated (i.e., explained) for LGs, BIs, and MHs relative to CHs by less secure attachment. A conditional relation (i.e., interaction) indicated that BIs reported more distress than CHs as GNBs increased for BIs; no comparable relation was found for LGs vs. CHs. Sibling comparisons found that sexual minorities (LGs, BIs, and MHs) reported more depressive distress, less secure attachment, and more childhood GNBs than CH siblings; the mothers reported less affection for their sexual-minority than CH offspring. The findings suggest that attachment and childhood gender nonconformity differentially pattern depressive distress by sexual orientation. Attachment and related experiences are more problematic for sexual minorities than for their CH siblings.
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