PRENATAL AND LACTATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF TOXOCARA-CANIS AND ANCYLOSTOMA-CANINUM - EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION OF THE BITCH AT MIDPREGNANCY AND AT PARTURITION
PRENATAL AND LACTATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF TOXOCARA-CANIS AND ANCYLOSTOMA-CANINUM - EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION OF THE BITCH AT MIDPREGNANCY AND AT PARTURITION
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DOI：
10.1016/0020-7519(85)90041-4
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
ROBERSON, EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BURKE, TM;ROBERSON, EL
在比格犬母犬中研究了犬弓蛔虫和犬钩虫对幼犬的产前传播程度以及产乳性传播的程度和寿命，这些母犬在怀孕中期或分娩后 48 小时内实验性感染这两种寄生虫。受感染母犬产下的幼崽在出生时就被取出，并由无寄生虫的代孕母亲抚养，直到 4 周大时对幼崽进行尸检以确定产前感染。在哺乳期的每个星期开始时，每只受感染的母狗都会被安置一组新的四只无寄生虫幼崽。在喂养一只感染的母狗 1 周后，每组都被转移到一只未感染的母狗身上，再进行至少 3 周的喂养，之后对幼崽进行尸检，以恢复并记录在哺乳期间从感染的母狗身上获得的寄生虫。当母犬在怀孕中期感染时，95.5%的蛔虫在产前传播给它们自己的后代，4.5%的蛔虫在哺乳期传播给每周轮换的幼犬。哺乳期的每一周，蛔虫都会通过乳汁传播，第 1-3 周的传播数量始终高于第 4 周和第 5 周。母狗在分娩时的感染使蛔虫无法通过产前传播途径，但会导致连续 4 周的哺乳期中，每年有更多的蛔虫通过乳汁传播。钩虫仅通过哺乳途径传播。对于妊娠中期感染，在哺乳期的前 5 周内传播钩虫的数量显着增加 (63.1%)；随后几周通过的人数逐渐减少。对于分娩时感染，在哺乳第一周，只有 27.8% 的钩虫通过乳汁传播，但在第 2 周（36.9%）和第 3 周（26.7%）有大量钩虫传播。牛奶中传播的寄生虫数量在第 1、第 2 和第 3 周之间没有显着差异。
The degree of prenatal transmission and both the degree and longevity of lactogenic transmission of Toxocara canis and Ancylostoma caninum to pups were studied in Beagle bitches which were experimentally infected with both parasites at either mid-pregnancy or within 48 h following parturition. Pups born to infected bitches were removed at birth and raised by a surrogate parasite-free mother until 4 weeks of age when pups were necropsied to determine prenatal infections. At the beginning of each week of lactation, a new group of four parasite-free pups was placed with each infected bitch. After nursing an infected bitch for 1 week, each group was transferred to an uninfected bitch for at least 3 additional weeks of nursing after which the pups were necropsied to recover and tabulate parasites acquired lactationally from the infected bitch. When bitches were infected at mid-pregnancy, 95.5% of the ascarids were transmitted prenatally to their own off-spring and 4.5% of the ascarids were transmitted lactationally to weekly rotated pups. Ascarids were transmitted via the milk during each of 5 weeks of lactation, with transmission of consistently higher numbers during weeks 1-3 than in weeks 4 and 5. Infection of bitches at parturition denied ascarids the prenatal route of transmission but resulted in greater numbers of ascarids being passed through the milk for each of 4 consecutive weeks of lactation. Transmission of hookworms was solely by the lactational route. With mid-pregnancy infections, a significantly higher number of hookworms (63.1%) were transmitted during the first of 5 weeks of lactation; progressively fewer were passed in subsequent weeks. With infections at parturition, only 27.8% of hookworms were transmitted through the milk during the first week of nursing but large numbers were transferred in weeks 2 (36.9%) and 3 (26.7%). The quantity of parasites transmitted in the milk was not significantly different among weeks 1, 2 and 3.