Tobacco use in 3 billion individuals from 16 countries: an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional household surveys
Tobacco use in 3 billion individuals from 16 countries: an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional household surveys
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61085-x
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发表时间：
2012-08-18
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Asma, Samira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giovino, Gary A.;Mirza, Sara A.;Asma, Samira
背景尽管烟草造成的全球疾病负担很高，但许多低收入和中等收入国家缺乏关于成人烟草使用模式和影响使用因素的有效和可比流行率数据。方法在2008年10月1日至2010年3月15日期间，GATS使用具有全国代表性的家庭调查，采用可比方法，从14个低收入和中等收入国家的15岁或15岁以上的个人中获得相关信息（孟加拉国、巴西、中国、埃及、印度、墨西哥、菲律宾、波兰、俄罗斯、泰国、土耳其、乌克兰、乌拉圭和越南）。我们比较了这14个国家之间烟草使用的加权点估计值和95% CI，并与2008年英国一般生活方式调查和2006-07年美国烟草使用补充当前人口调查的数据进行了比较。所有这些调查的横断面研究designs.Findings在参加GATS的国家，48.6%（95%CI 47.6-49.6）的男性和11.3%（10.7-12.0）的女性是烟草使用者。在服贸总协定国家，40.7%的男子（从巴西的21.6%到俄罗斯的60.2%）和5.0%的妇女（从埃及的0.5%到波兰的24.4%）吸烟。总体而言，大多数吸烟者（82%）都喜欢制造卷烟，但在印度和孟加拉国，无烟烟草和比迪烟被普遍使用。在大多数服贸总协定国家，对于曾经每天吸烟的人来说，调查时55-64岁的妇女开始吸烟的年龄比同龄男子要大。然而，那些曾经每天吸烟的人，在接受调查时年龄在25-34岁之间，开始吸烟的年龄在男女之间几乎相同。离职率非常低（
Background Despite the high global burden of diseases caused by tobacco, valid and comparable prevalence data for patterns of adult tobacco use and factors influencing use are absent for many low-income and middle-income countries. We assess these patterns through analysis of data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS).Methods Between Oct 1, 2008, and March 15, 2010, GATS used nationally representative household surveys with comparable methods to obtain relevant information from individuals aged 15 years or older in 14 low-income and middle-income countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Vietnam). We compared weighted point estimates and 95% CIs of tobacco use between these 14 countries and with data from the 2008 UK General Lifestyle Survey and the 2006-07 US Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. All these surveys had cross-sectional study designs.Findings In countries participating in GATS, 48.6% (95% CI 47.6-49.6) of men and 11.3% (10.7-12.0) of women were tobacco users. 40.7% of men (ranging from 21.6% in Brazil to 60.2% in Russia) and 5.0% of women (0.5% in Egypt to 24.4% in Poland) in GATS countries smoked a tobacco product. Manufactured cigarettes were favoured by most smokers (82%) overall, but smokeless tobacco and bidis were commonly used in India and Bangladesh. For individuals who had ever smoked daily, women aged 55-64 years at the time of the survey began smoking at an older age than did equivalently aged men in most GATS countries. However, those individuals who had ever smoked daily and were aged 25-34-years when surveyed started to do so at much the same age in both sexes. Quit ratios were very low (