Species- and sex-specific adjustments of movement behavior to landscape heterogeneity in butterflies
Species- and sex-specific adjustments of movement behavior to landscape heterogeneity in butterflies
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蝴蝶运动行为对景观异质性的物种和性别特异性调整
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Maes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Turlure;M. Baguette;V. Stevens;D. Maes
景观通常被认为是位于一个敌对的和均匀的矩阵中的合适的栖息地斑块的岛屿。然而，个体可以不同地感知基质质量的变化，从而产生与外部条件相关的运动变化（即，对比边界、走廊或屏障）和/或个体表型（即，性别或年龄）。因此，运动可能在物种之间和不同年龄和/或性别的同种个体之间都不同。在这里，我们量化了两种相关蝴蝶（Boloria aquilonaris和B）在定向能力、探索行为和飞行速度对景观异质性的调整方面的性别依赖和条件依赖变化。eunomia）。利用实验笼，我们评估了1）个体蝴蝶的能力，区分栖息地和不同类型的矩阵，从而定位自己对他们的栖息地，2）个体蝴蝶的能力，以适应他们的飞行行为，以他们的当地环境，和3）他们的倾向，跨越栖息地-矩阵边界。我们发现存在的物种特异性的定向能力，根据当地环境的变化，探索行为，并在栖息地边界的行为是一致的性别之间的差异。飞行速度的调整也是物种特异性的，并且在性别之间以相反的方式变化。我们探讨这些差异可能会出现适应性反应的栖息地的空间配置和生活史特征的差异，我们讨论了它们如何导致功能连接测量的差异。版权所有2011，牛津大学出版社。
Landscapes are often considered as islands of suitable habitat patches located in a hostile and homogeneous matrix. Variation in matrix quality, however, can be differently perceived by individuals, generating variation in movements related to external conditions (i.e., contrasted boundaries, corridors, or barriers) and/or individual phenotypes (i.e., sex or age). Accordingly, movements may differ both among species and among conspecific individuals of various age and/or sex. Here, we quantified sex-dependent and condition-dependent variations in orientation capacity, exploration behavior, and adjustment of flight speed to landscape heterogeneity in 2 related butterfly species (Boloria aquilonaris and B. eunomia). Using experimental cages, we assessed 1) individual butterfly's ability to discriminate between habitat and matrices of different types and hence to orientate themselves towards their habitat, 2) individual butterfly's ability to adapt their flight behavior to their local environment, and 3) their propensity to cross habitat--matrix boundaries. We showed the existence of species-specific orientation capacity, changes in exploration behavior according to local environment, and differences in behavior at habitat boundaries that are consistent between sexes. The adjustment of flight speed was also species-specific and varied in an opposite way between sexes. We explore how these differences might have arisen from adaptive responses to differences in the spatial configuration of habitats and in life-history traits, and we discuss how they can lead to differences in functional connectivity measurements. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.