The Role of Trauma Type in the Risk for Insomnia
The Role of Trauma Type in the Risk for Insomnia
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DOI：
10.5664/jcsm.4846
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Mellman, Thomas A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Tyish S. Hall;Akeeb, Ameenat;Mellman, Thomas A.
目的：失眠在创伤后很常见，可以独立发生，也可以作为创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的一个特征。然而，有有限的研究确定与暴露于创伤性事件后失眠发展相关的风险因素。本研究的目的是评估特定创伤类型在城市非洲裔美国年轻人社区样本中失眠风险中的作用。方法：在一项更大的研究中招募了554名非临床，城市，年轻的非洲裔美国人样本，其中465名参与者被用于本研究，基于他们完成所有研究自我报告措施。参与者最初通过电话进行筛选，以确定他们是否暂时符合研究标准。一旦被选中，参与者接受知情同意，然后完成一系列自我报告测量，包括生活事件检查表、创伤后应激障碍检查表、失眠严重程度指数和睡眠恐惧指数。结果：在至少20%的样本认可的七种创伤类别中，逻辑回归模型的结果表明，性创伤、身体攻击、意外事故、自然灾害和突然暴力死亡与性别无关，可以预测失眠。然而，创伤后应激障碍症状严重程度和夜间恐惧对创伤类型与失眠风险的关系有不同的影响。结论：暴露于特定类型的创伤会使失眠的几率增加两到三倍。此外，PTSD症状严重程度和夜间恐惧对创伤暴露与失眠之间的关系有不同的贡献，提示可能存在多种潜在途径。
Objective: Insomnia is common following exposure to trauma and can occur independently or as a feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there is limited research identifying risk factors associated with the development of insomnia following exposure to a traumatic event. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of specific trauma types in the risk for insomnia in a community sample of urban African Americans young adults.Methods: A sample of 554 nonclinical, urban, young adult African Americans was recruited for a larger study from which 465 participants were utilized for this study based on their completion of all study self-report measures. Participants were initially screened by phone to determine whether they provisionally met study criteria. Once selected, participants underwent informed consent and then completed a battery of self-report measures that included the Life Events Checklist, the PTSD Checklist, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Fear of Sleep Index.Results: Of the seven trauma categories that were endorsed by at least 20% of the sample, results from logistic regression models indicated that sexual trauma, physical assault, accidents, natural disasters, and sudden violent death predicted insomnia independent of sex. However, PTSD symptom severity and nocturnal fears differentially influenced the relationship between trauma type and risk for insomnia.Conclusions: Exposure to specific types of trauma increases the odds of insomnia twofold to threefold. Additionally, PTSD symptom severity and nocturnal fears contribute differentially to the relationship between trauma exposure and insomnia suggesting the possibility of multiple underlying pathways.