Chemoenzymatic synthesis of fluorinated polyketides.

Chemoenzymatic synthesis of fluorinated polyketides.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41557-022-00996-z
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发表时间:
2022-09
期刊:
影响因子:
21.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
化学1区
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聚酮类化合物的氟修饰为开发新型药物提供了一条很有前途的途径。虽然近年来用于在复杂分子中选择性地掺入氟的合成化学方法已经有所改进,但在天然化合物中生物合成掺入氟的方法仍然很少。在这里,我们报告了一种在生物合成过程中将氟引入复杂聚酮中的策略。我们将聚酮合成酶(PKS)的天然酰基转移酶结构域(AT)与后生动物I型脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)的一个进化相关的底物耐受结构域交换,PKS是选择延伸单元的守门人。由此得到的PKS/Fas杂交物可以利用氟丙二酰辅酶A和氟甲基丙二酸辅酶A进行聚酮链的延伸,在聚酮支架中引入氟或氟甲基单元。我们证明了我们的方法在化学酶法合成含氟的12元和14元大内酯以及大环内酯类抗生素YC-17和甲霉素的含氟衍生物中的可行性。
Modification of polyketides with fluorine offers a promising approach to develop new pharmaceuticals. While synthetic chemical methods for site-selective incorporation of fluorine in complex molecules have improved in recent years, approaches for the biosynthetic incorporation of fluorine in natural compounds are still rare. Here, we report a strategy to introduce fluorine into complex polyketides during biosynthesis. We exchanged the native acyltransferase domain (AT) of a polyketide synthase (PKS), which acts as the gatekeeper for selection of extender units, with an evolutionarily related but substrate tolerant domain from metazoan type I fatty acid synthase (FAS). The resulting PKS/FAS hybrid can utilize fluoromalonyl coenzyme A and fluoromethylmalonyl coenzyme A for polyketide chain extension, introducing fluorine or fluoro-methyl units in polyketide scaffolds. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of fluorinated 12- and 14-membered macrolactones and fluorinated derivatives of the macrolide antibiotics YC-17 and methymycin.
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