Economic system justification predicts muted emotional responses to inequality
Economic system justification predicts muted emotional responses to inequality
复制标题
经济体系的合理性预示着对不平等的情绪反应会减弱
DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-14193-z
复制
发表时间：
2020-01-20
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Knowles, Eric D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goudarzi, Shahrzad;Pliskin, Ruthie;Knowles, Eric D.
尽管人类表现出对不平等的厌恶，但许多人似乎并没有受到广泛的经济差距的困扰。我们认为，这种冷漠部分归因于对资本主义制度公平性的信念。在这里，我们报告的六项研究表明，经济意识形态可以预测对不平等的自我报告和生理反应。在研究 1 和 2 中，认为经济体系合理的参与者与那些不认为经济体系合理的参与者相比，在观看描述无家可归的视频后感到更少的负面情绪。在研究 3-5 中，当观察无家可归的人时，经济系统的正当理由表现出较低水平的负面影响（以皱眉肌的激活为指标）和自主神经唤醒（以皮肤电导为指标）。在采用经验抽样方法的研究 6 中，每天接触富人和穷人在制度辩护者中引起的负面情绪较少。这些结果提供了迄今为止最有力的证据，证明制度合理性信念减少了对经济背景下不平等的厌恶。
Although humans display inequality aversion, many people appear to be untroubled by widespread economic disparities. We suggest that such indifference is partly attributable to a belief in the fairness of the capitalist system. Here we report six studies showing that economic ideology predicts self-reported and physiological responses to inequality. In Studies 1 and 2, participants who regard the economic system as justified, compared with those who do not, report feeling less negative emotion after watching videos depicting homelessness. In Studies 3-5, economic system justifiers exhibit low levels of negative affect, as indexed by activation of the corrugator supercilii muscle, and autonomic arousal, as indexed by skin conductance, while viewing people experiencing homelessness. In Study 6, which employs experience-sampling methodology, everyday exposure to rich and poor people elicits less negative emotion among system justifiers. These results provide the strongest evidence to date that system-justifying beliefs diminish aversion to inequality in economic contexts.