Phylogeny and geography predict pathogen community similarity in wild primates and humans
Phylogeny and geography predict pathogen community similarity in wild primates and humans
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2008.0284
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发表时间：
2008-07-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Pedersen, Amy B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davies, T. Jonathan;Pedersen, Amy B.
在自然系统中，寄主物种经常被多个病原体物种共感染，最近的研究表明，许多病原体可以感染广泛的寄主物种。因此，一个重要的问题是，是什么决定了病原体的寄主范围和在给定寄主物种中发现的病原体群落。以灵长类动物为模型，我们发现传染病更多地发生在关系密切且居住在同一地理区域的物种之间。我们发现，寄主亲缘关系是预测两个寄主物种是否拥有相同病原体的最好总体预测指标。病原体宿主在近亲之间转移的频率更高，或者病原体来自共同祖先的遗传可能解释了这一结果。对于病毒来说，在确定寄主范围时，相邻灵长类寄主之间的地理重叠更为重要。我们认为这是因为病毒谱系内的快速进化允许宿主跨越更大的进化距离。我们还表明，病原体与人类共享的系统发育模式与野生灵长类之间的相同。对于人类来说，这意味着我们与包括黑猩猩和大猩猩在内的大猩猩分享更高比例的病原体，因为这些物种是我们最亲近的亲戚。
In natural systems, host species are often co-infected by multiple pathogen species, and recent work has suggested that many pathogens can infect a wide range of host species. An important question therefore is what determines the host range of a pathogen and the community of pathogens found within a given host species. Using primates as a model, we show that infectious diseases are more often shared between species that are closely related and inhabit the same geographical region. We find that host relatedness is the best overall predictor of whether two host species share the same pathogens. A higher frequency of pathogen host shifts between close relatives or inheritance of pathogens from a common ancestor may explain this result. For viruses, geographical overlap among neighbouring primate hosts is more important in determining host range. We suggest this is because rapid evolution within viral lineages allows host jumps across larger evolutionary distances. We also show that the phylogenetic pattern of pathogen sharing with humans is the same as that between wild primates. For humans, this means we share a higher proportion of pathogens with the great apes, including chimpanzees and gorillas, because these species are our closest relatives.