The electric vehicle revolution: Critical material supply chains, trade and development
The electric vehicle revolution: Critical material supply chains, trade and development
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电动汽车革命：关键材料供应链、贸易和发展
DOI：
10.1111/twec.13345
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jones B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones B
电动汽车大众市场的出现为拥有丰富钴、镍、锂、铜、铝和锰资源的国家提供了发展机会。毫不奇怪，发展中国家提出了扩大这些原材料生产的雄心勃勃的计划。然而，从资源诅咒文献中得出的一个结论是，如果要减轻方向不当、往往过度顺周期的投资的风险，就需要强有力的机构，尤其是因为全球电动汽车价值链所使用的许多原材料的复杂性、不透明性和价格波动性。本文研究了电动汽车需求和相关原材料使用的前景，关注评估和跟踪未来市场转型所需的驱动因素和敏感性。这些最终用途的变化，然后放在更广泛的供应链调整和趋势塑造的需求的背景下。对资源出口国来说，适应结构性变化需要进行财政、监管、环境和体制改革，以适当考虑到具体价值链中的比较优势，并减轻采掘和加工对环境和社会的不利影响，从而把握不断变化的资源财富模式。
The emergence of a mass market for electric vehicles (EVs) offers development opportunities for countries that have abundant resources of cobalt, nickel, lithium, copper, aluminium and manganese. Not surprisingly, developing countries have proposed ambitious plans to expand production of these raw materials. However, an observation from the resource curse literature is that strong institutions are required if they are to mitigate the risk of poorly directed, often excessively procyclical, investment, not least because of the complexity, opacity and price volatility of many raw materials utilised by global EV value chains. This paper examines the outlook for EV demand and associated raw material usage paying attention to the drivers and sensitivities required to assess and track future market transformations. These end use shifts are then placed in the context of the broader supply chain adjustments and trends shaping the demand. For resource exporters, adapting to structural change will require fiscal, regulatory, environmental and institution reforms designed to capture shifting patterns of resource wealth in a way which takes appropriate account of comparative advantages in specific value chains and mitigates adverse environmental and social consequences from their extraction and processing.