Fluctuation Theorem Uncertainty Relation
Fluctuation Theorem Uncertainty Relation
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.123.110602
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发表时间：
2019-09-12
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Vu, Tan Van
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hasegawa, Yoshihiko;Vu, Tan Van
涨落定理是非平衡态热力学中的一个基本等式，用来推导许多重要的热力学关系，如热力学第二定律和Jarzynski等式。近年来，热力学测不准关系被发现，它表明观测量的涨落是由熵产生的下界。在这封信中，我们从涨落定理导出一个热力学不确定关系。我们指的是得到的关系波动定理的不确定性关系，它是有效的任意动态，随机以及确定性，并为任意反对称观测值的波动定理。我们应用波动定理的不确定性关系的过阻尼朗之万动力学反对称观测。我们证明了反对称观测满足波动定理的不确定性关系，但不满足连续时间马尔可夫链中的电流型观测报告的关系。此外，我们表明，波动定理的不确定性关系可以处理系统控制的时间对称的外部协议，其中的下限是由施加在系统上的工作。
The fluctuation theorem is the fundamental equality in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that is used to derive many important thermodynamic relations, such as the second law of thermodynamics and the Jarzynski equality. Recently, the thermodynamic uncertainty relation was discovered, which states that the fluctuation of observables is lower bounded by the entropy production. In the present Letter, we derive a thermodynamic uncertainty relation from the fluctuation theorem. We refer to the obtained relation as the fluctuation theorem uncertainty relation, and it is valid for arbitrary dynamics, stochastic as well as deterministic, and for arbitrary antisymmetric observables for which a fluctuation theorem holds. We apply the fluctuation theorem uncertainty relation to an overdamped Langevin dynamics for an antisymmetric observable. We demonstrate that the antisymmetric observable satisfies the fluctuation theorem uncertainty relation but does not satisfy the relation reported for current-type observables in continuous-time Markov chains. Moreover, we show that the fluctuation theorem uncertainty relation can handle systems controlled by time-symmetric external protocols, in which the lower bound is given by the work exerted on the systems.