Distinct Patterns of Brain Activity Characterise Lexical Activation and Competition in Spoken Word Production
Distinct Patterns of Brain Activity Characterise Lexical Activation and Competition in Spoken Word Production
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0088674
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发表时间：
2014-02-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bonnefond, Mathilde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piai, Vitoria;Roelofs, Ardi;Bonnefond, Mathilde
根据语言产生的重要理论，概念激活记忆中的多个关联词，这些词进入竞争选择。然而，只有少数电生理学研究发现大脑反应反映了竞争。在这里，我们报告了一项脑磁图研究，其中通过呈现带有干扰词的图片（例如狗）来操纵竞争词的激活。干扰项和图片名称在语义上相关（猫）、无关（图钉）或相同（狗）。相关干扰项是图片名称的更强竞争者，因为相对于其他干扰项，它们会从图片中获得额外的激活。相关的图片命名时间比不相关和相同的干扰物的命名时间更长。锁相和非锁相活动是不同的，但在时间上相关。左颞叶皮层的锁相活动在 400 毫秒时达到峰值，在不相关的试验中比相关和相同的试验中的活动更大，这表明图片-单词刺激对替代单词的激活存在差异。在相关试验中，左额上回大约 350-650 毫秒（4-10 Hz）之间的非锁相活动大于不相关和相同的试验，这表明替代方案之间的竞争分辨率不同，如命名时间所示。这些发现描述了与词汇激活和竞争相关的不同活动模式，支持了单词通过竞争选择的理论。
According to a prominent theory of language production, concepts activate multiple associated words in memory, which enter into competition for selection. However, only a few electrophysiological studies have identified brain responses reflecting competition. Here, we report a magnetoencephalography study in which the activation of competing words was manipulated by presenting pictures (e.g., dog) with distractor words. The distractor and picture name were semantically related (cat), unrelated (pin), or identical (dog). Related distractors are stronger competitors to the picture name because they receive additional activation from the picture relative to other distractors. Picture naming times were longer with related than unrelated and identical distractors. Phase-locked and non-phase-locked activity were distinct but temporally related. Phase-locked activity in left temporal cortex, peaking at 400 ms, was larger on unrelated than related and identical trials, suggesting differential activation of alternative words by the picture-word stimuli. Non-phase-locked activity between roughly 350-650 ms (4-10 Hz) in left superior frontal gyrus was larger on related than unrelated and identical trials, suggesting differential resolution of the competition among the alternatives, as reflected in the naming times. These findings characterise distinct patterns of activity associated with lexical activation and competition, supporting the theory that words are selected by competition.