Loss of p53 causes mitochondrial DNA depletion and altered mitochondrial reactive oxygen species homeostasis.

Loss of p53 causes mitochondrial DNA depletion and altered mitochondrial reactive oxygen species homeostasis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.01.004
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发表时间:
2009-05
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Shadel, Gerald S.
Shadel, Gerald S.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lebedeva, Maria A.;Eaton, Jana S.;Shadel, Gerald S.

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除了其在细胞应激信号传导中的中心作用之外,肿瘤抑制因子p53还通过其核转录因子活性调节线粒体呼吸,并定位于线粒体,在线粒体中其增强细胞凋亡并抑制线粒体DNA(mtDNA)诱变。在这里,我们证明了一个新的保守的作用,p53在线粒体DNA拷贝数的维持和线粒体活性氧(ROS)的稳态。在哺乳动物中,mtDNA以每个细胞数千个拷贝的形式存在,对正常发育和细胞功能至关重要。我们发现,p53基因敲除小鼠和p53基因敲除人原代成纤维细胞表现出mtDNA耗竭和正常培养生长条件下的线粒体质量下降。这伴随着核糖核苷酸还原酶mRNA和蛋白质的p53 R2亚基以及仅在蛋白质水平的线粒体转录因子A(mtTFA)的减少。最后,p53缺失的细胞表现出细胞ROS稳态的显著破坏,其特征在于线粒体和细胞超氧化物水平降低和细胞过氧化氢增加。总而言之,这些结果阐明了p53的额外的线粒体相关功能,并暗示mtDNA耗竭和ROS改变可能与细胞转化、癌细胞表型和瓦尔堡效应相关。
In addition to its central role in cellular stress signaling, the tumor suppressor p53 modulates mitochondrial respiration through its nuclear transcription factor activity and localizes to mitochondria where it enhances apoptosis and suppresses mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutagenesis. Here we demonstrate a new conserved role for p53 in mtDNA copy number maintenance and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. In mammals, mtDNA is present in thousands of copies per cell and is essential for normal development and cell function. We show that p53 null mouse and p53 knock-down human primary fibroblasts exhibit mtDNA depletion and decreased mitochondrial mass under normal culture growth conditions. This is accompanied by a reduction of the p53R2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase mRNA and protein and of mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA) at the protein level only. Finally, p53-depleted cells exhibit significant disruption of cellular ROS homeostasis, characterized by reduced mitochondrial and cellular superoxide levels and increased cellular hydrogen peroxide. Altogether, these results elucidate additional mitochondria-related functions for p53 and implicate mtDNA depletion and ROS alterations as potentially relevant to cellular transformation, cancer cell phenotypes, and the Warburg Effect.
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