'Those whom I have to talk to, I can't talk to': Perceived social isolation in the context of anxiety symptoms among pregnant women in Pakistan.
'Those whom I have to talk to, I can't talk to': Perceived social isolation in the context of anxiety symptoms among pregnant women in Pakistan.
复制标题
“那些我必须与之交谈的人，我却无法与之交谈”：巴基斯坦孕妇在焦虑症状的背景下感受到的社会孤立。
DOI：
10.1111/hsc.14019
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Surkan,PamelaJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nazir,Huma;Rowther,ArmaanA;Rauf,Nida;Atiq,Maria;Kazi,AsiyaK;Malik,Abid;Atif,Najia;Surkan,PamelaJ
怀孕期间的焦虑在低收入和中等收入国家非常普遍。在巴基斯坦背景下，不同来源和类型的支持的相对重要性尚不清楚。我们探讨了怀孕期间的社会支持以及社会孤立在巴基斯坦妇女产前焦虑经历中的作用。我们对 19 名有焦虑症状的孕妇和 10 名城市公立医院的女性医护人员进行了半结构化访谈。我们使用归纳和演绎主题编码来分析数据。许多孕妇报告说，即使生活在社交网络较大的联合家庭中，也会感到身体和社会孤立。女性常常担心因与怀孕相关的焦虑而分享或寻求帮助而受到姻亲和同龄人的谴责，因此她们依赖丈夫或娘家成员。围绕怀孕的规范期望，例如男性性别偏好、妻子家庭责任的不变性以及女性陪同旅行的期望，可能是产前脱节的根源。医疗服务提供者认为，怀孕期间的社会孤立和社会支持不足会导致焦虑症状加重、获得护理的机会减少和健康行为较差。一个限制是，本研究的医院环境可能导致虐待或忽视的报告不足，并且未利用基于设施的产前护理的孕妇的纳入有限。总之，丈夫和娘家是减少怀孕期间的社会孤立和减轻焦虑的关键，而姻亲并不总是提供支持。有针对性的策略应加强现有的支持并加强怀孕期间的姻亲家庭关系。
Anxiety during pregnancy is highly prevalent in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The relative importance of different sources and types of perceived support in the Pakistani context is unknown. We explored social support during pregnancy and the role of social isolation in Pakistani women's experiences of antenatal anxiety. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 19 pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety and 10 female healthcare providers at a public urban hospital. We used inductive and deductive thematic coding to analyse the data. Many pregnant women reported feelings of physical and social isolation, even when living in joint families with larger social networks. Often fearing censure by their in‐laws and peers for sharing or seeking help with pregnancy‐related anxieties, women reported relying on husbands or natal family members. Normative expectations around pregnancy such as male gender preference, perceived immutability of wives' domestic responsibilities and expectations of accompanied travel by women may serve as sources of disconnectedness in the antenatal period. Providers viewed social isolation and deficits in social support during pregnancy as contributing to worse anxiety symptoms, reduced access to care and poorer health behaviours. One limitation is that the hospital setting for this study may have resulted in underreporting of abuse or neglect and limited inclusion of pregnant women who do not utilise facility‐based antenatal care. In conclusion, husbands and natal families were key in reducing social isolation in pregnancy and mitigating anxiety, while in‐laws did not always confer support. Targeted strategies should enhance existing support and strengthen in‐law family relationships in pregnancy.