Selective burning of forest vegetation in Canton Ticino (southern Switzerland)
Selective burning of forest vegetation in Canton Ticino (southern Switzerland)
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提契诺州（瑞士南部）选择性燃烧森林植被
DOI：
10.1080/11263500903233292
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Conedera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Pezzatti;S. Bajocco;D. Torriani;M. Conedera
对火情控制因素的详细了解是有效进行火灾管理的前提。本文分析了瑞士南部提契诺州现有火情(1982-2005年)下，不同森林植被类别的火灾频率和火势。为此，我们调查了四类(所有火灾、人为冬季火灾、人为夏季火灾和自然夏季火灾)的数据集，并对频率和大小进行了1000次随机蒙特卡罗模拟。人为的冬季和夏季火灾具有类似的选择性，主要发生在低海拔的板栗林、阔叶林和距离森林边缘50米的地方。冬季板栗林一半以上的火灾面积显着大于1.0ha，部分针叶林平均火烧面积趋于较高。闪电火灾似乎更多地发生在云杉林中，而在夏季较少发生--潮湿的栗林和山毛榉林以及50-100米的缓冲区。在山毛榉森林、混交林和夏季受自然火灾影响的云杉林中，火灾往往规模较小。观察到的选择性，特别是人为火灾在火灾频率方面的选择性，似乎也与海拔和坡向等地理参数有关，也与靠近道路或建筑物等人为特征有关。
Abstract Detailed knowledge of factors controlling fire regime is a prerequisite for efficient fire management. We analyzed the fire selectivity of given forest vegetation classes both in terms of fire frequency and fire size for the present fire regime (1982–2005) in Canton Ticino (southern Switzerland). To this end, we investigated the dataset in four categories (all fires, anthropogenic winter fires, anthropogenic summer fires, and natural summer fires) and performed 1000 random Monte Carlo simulations on frequency and size. Anthropogenic winter and summer fires have a similar selectivity, occurring mostly at low elevations in chestnut stands, broadleaved forests, and in the first 50 m from the forest edge. In winter half of the fires in chestnut stands are significantly larger than 1.0 ha and the average burnt area in some coniferous forests tends to be high. Lightning fires seem to occur more frequently in spruce stands and less often in the summer‐humid chestnut and beech stands and the 50–100 m buffer area. In beech forests, in mixed forests, and in the spruce stands affected by natural fire in summer, the fires tend to be small in size. The selectivity observed, especially the selectivity of anthropogenic fires in terms of fire frequency, seems to be also related to geographical parameters such as altitude and aspect, and to anthropogenic characteristics such as closeness to roads or buildings.